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Prawn Backyard Hatchery Technology at Farmer's Level: a Profitable Business for Increasing Family Income

M. Lokman Ali
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh-2201

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A backyard prawn hatchery was installed at Tarakanda Bazar of Fulpur upzilla under Mymensingh district by financial and technical support of Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute for a period of 6th month from May to October/2004. Nine-cemented chari were used for post larvae production. Post-larvae were produced in three batches. The rearing period of each batch was 50 days. The number of post-larval yield was 46,650 (I st batch), 48600 (2 nd batch) and 44712 (3 rd batch). The total number of post-larvae was 1,39,68 and the total cost of production was Tk. 59,660.00. Average market price of each post-larvae (PL) was Tk. 1.00. So the gross return of prawn backyard hatchery in six month was Tk.1 ,39,68.00 and net return was Tk. 80,308.00. These results indicate that the prawn backyard hatchery technology is a sound technology for increasing family income of rural people. One farmer can easily establish a prawn backyard hatchery in his house and rural women can easily be involved with backyard hatchery for livelihoods improvement.

Keywords: Prawn, Backyard hatchery, Artemia, farmer

Location: Tarakanda Bazar of Fulpur upzilla under Mymensingh district

Start Date: 00-05-2004

End Date: 00-10-2004

Program Area: Knowledge Management

Commodity: Prawn

Objectives:

To demonstrate prawn backyard hatchery technology at farmer's level for increasing prawn post-larvae production and family income.

Methodology:

Backyard prawn hatchery was installed at Tarakhanda Bazar of Fulpur upzilla under Mymensingh district by financial and technical support of Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute. The period of hatchery operation was 6 months from May to October/2004. The farmer's name was Md. Mozzammel Hoque. A backyard prawn hatchery is usually owned by one family and generally consists of: Hatching tank - one cemented chari was used as hatching tank in the hatchery. Larvae rearing tank - nine cemented chari were used as larvae rearing tank and the water holding capacity of each chari was 180 liter. Artemia hatching tank - two transparent plastic jugs were used for Artemia hatching. Aeration facilities - aerators were used for aeration. Preparation of saline water - For production of prawn post-larvae 12 ppt saline water is needed. Brine (150 ppt) was collected from salt pans of Cox's Bazar to reduce the carrying cost. The brine was mixed with freshwater to prepare 12 ppt saline water. The prepared salt-water solution was bleached with 60% chlorinated bleaching powder at a dose of 12 ppm and aeration was performed. After one day, the salt water was treated with 12-ppm sodium thio-sulphate and air was blown for one day. Then it was kept undisturbed for one day for settling down of the precipitates. The supernatant clear water was then collected for rearing of larvae. Collection and hatching of brood - Brown colored egg bearing prawns were collected from the Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute's brood pond and the brood prawns were transfered to backyard hatchery at Tarakhanda. Then the brood prawns were released in the hatching chari with 6 ppt saline water for production of larvae after 10-15 min. treatment in 20ppm formaline solution for minimizing any contamination. Air was blown in the hatching tank from the aerator. After hatching of eggs, larvae of zoae-i stage were transferred to the larvae rearing cemented chari containing 12ppt saline water. Post- larvae were produced in three batches. The rearing period of each batch was 5O days. Stocking density was 60/1. Aeration was maintained in the larvae rearing chari by aerator. Feeds and feeding - Larvae were fed Artemia nauplii twice a day at the rate of 5-6 Artemialml of water at 7.00 am and 6.00 pm up to the end of the rearing period. Saline water of 30 ppt was used for Artemia hatching. Artemia cysts were taken in a plastic jug containing 30 ppt saline water at a rate of 5 gml liter water. Then aeration was maintained by an aerator and hatching was completed within 24 hours. After completion of the hatching, the aeration was stopped. The nauplii were then gathered at the bottom of the hatching jar. They were then collected by siphoning in a beaker for feeding the prawn larvae. Egg custard were used for larvae rearing after 10 days up to the end of the rearing period to reduce the feed cost. The ingredients of egg custard were 60% egg and 40% powder milk. The Values of water quality parameters during the hatchery operation period are shown in Table-I. In batch-I, the average value of dissolved oxygen was 6.45mg/l, temperature, 28.25 1°c, pH, 7.81, NH), 0.23 mg/l and ingredients were mixed by a blender and boiled for 30 min to make a cake. Then the egg custard was pass through small mess net and the small particles were washed in water to remove the soluble materials. The smaller particle sized custard was fed to smaller larvae and as the larvae grew up the custard particle size was also increased. All uneaten feed were removed after one hour of feeding from larvae rearing chari. After three days interval 30% water was changed. The larvae were reared up to post larval stage (PL), when they took the shape of adult prawn and started swimming changing from backward to forward movement and changing from upside down to normal position. At the end of the rearing period, all post-larvae were collected and counted to find out the survival rate. Water quality parameters - The physico-chemical parameters of the rearing chari were measured by using different method in Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute water quality laboratory. Temperature was recorded by a Celsius thermometer everyday. The pH and DO (dissolved oxygen) were measured twice a week using Oxygen Meter and pH Meter. Ammonia was measured by portable water test kit. Salinity of each larval rearing tank was checked every alternative day with a Refractometer. Any increase in salinity through evaporation was corrected by adding tap water.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Extension Education, Volume 16, No.2, 2004: 123-128 ; ISSN 1011-3916

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Prawn culture IS a profitable business because the market price of prawn is very high. This is why the prawn culture area is increasing day by day. There is a great problem in prawn culture is inadequate supply of prawn seed .By using prawn backyard hatchery technology a farmer can easily produce prawn post-larvae. Farmers can used these post-larvae prawn culture or sale to other. Besides, in our country, about 50% of the population is women and the large majority of this cannot read or write. They can easily involve with prawn backyard hatchery for increasing their family income. So, the appropriate extension effort is essential from the concerned organization to popularize prawn backyard hatchery technology in the rural area for increasing income of rural people.

Knowledge Management: Journal