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Haematological and Biochemical Profiles of Gallus Indigenous, Exotic and Hybrid Chicken Breeds (gallus Domesticus L.) from Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Ripon Kumar Dutta
Department of Zoology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

M. Saiful Islam*
Department of Zoology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

Md. Ashraful Kabir
Department of Biology, Cantonment Public School & College, Saidpur 5311, Nilphamari, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A comparative account of haemato-biochemical profiles of an indigenous (IND) and five chicken breeds: viz. Cobb 500 (COB), cockerel (COC), Fayoumi (FAY), Rhode Island Red (RIR), and Sonali (SON, derived from RIR cock × FAY hen), has been presented. The haematological profile included total counts (TC) of RBC, WBC, platelets, haemoglobin (Hb%) and ESR and differential counts (DC) of WBC included neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and basophils. All the haematological parameters except WBC, ESR and basophils showed significant difference among the breeds (P < 0.01). Vital biochemical parameters from blood sera such as calcium, cholesterol, creatinine, glucose and urea also showed significant difference among the chicken breeds (P < 0.05). The haematobiochemical parameters, however, were not significantly correlated (P > 0.05) with each other among the chicken breeds. Except for cholesterol vs. urea in IND, none of the correlations tested for haemato-biochemical profiles of the experimental chickens was found significant. Relevance of this study in relation to health, clinico-pathology and improved breeding strategies of the poultry species in the country has been discussed

Keywords: Chicken breeds, Haemato-biochemical parameters, Blood sera,

Location:

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Chicken

Objectives:

The present results would help assessing poultry diseases, identifying healthy chickens, improving desirable breeds and designing appropriate breeding strategies for poultry birds in the country.

Methodology:

Experimental animals: A total of 30 marketable-sized, healthy male chickens (6 breeds × 5 replicates each), consisting of a non-descriptive Deshi or indigenous (IND), four exotics viz. Cobb 500 (COB), Cockerel (COC), Fayoumi (FAY) and Rhode Island Red (RIR), and a crossbred Sonali (SON) derived from RIR cock × Fayoumi hen, were used. IND chicks were reared on free-range and semi-scavenging systems at domestic houses, while the rest of the breeds were raised on deep litter system at private-owned poultry farms situated within the Rajshahi City Corporation areas. Age (in months) of the IND chickens ranged between 6 and 8 while that of COB, COC, FAY, RIR and SON varied between 1 and 1.5; 1.5 and 1.8; 1.8 and 2.5; 18 and 20 and 1.5 and 2.5, respectively. Blood samplings: Owing to the least variability compared to other sites (Arora 2010), jugular veins were punctured with sterile needles to collect 2cc of blood from each bird, 0.5 cc of which was dispensed into clean bottles containing the anticoagulant EDTA, while the rest was allowed to clot. The non-coagulated blood was used to determine the haematological profile. Afterwards the same quantity of blood was collected as described above and was subject to centrifugation for 5 min to get the blood serum samples, the latter were used to measure the biochemical profile of the experimental birds. Haematological and biochemical techniques: Haematological profile included total counts (TC) of the RBC (red blood corpuscles, ×106 cells.µl-1) and WBC (white blood corpuscles, ×104 cells.µl-1), differential counts (DC) of the WBC, number of platelets (×106 cells.µl-1), haemoglobin (Hb%) and ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate, mm.hr-1), which were estimated using the techniques described elsewhere (Ritchie et al. 1994; Pampori and Iqbal 2007). A haemocytometer consisting of a counting chamber and special cover slip was used for TC of the RBC and WBC. In addition, DC of the WBC were made using the haemocytometer and WBC pipette, where the numbers of neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and basophils were recorded per 100 cells. Platelet counts were made by using 100mL of 3% sodium citrate, 1mL of formalin and 2 drops of 1% brilliant cresyl blue in saline. The estimation of Hb% was done by using 0.1N HCl and distilled water that converted the haemoglobin into acid haematin. ESR values were recorded in mm at the first hr by the Westergren method (Ritchie et al. 1994). Statistical procedures: To detect any significant differences in haematobiochemical profiles among the chicken breeds under study, a statistical package (SPSS version 11.0 for Windows) was used to calculate mean, standard deviation (SD), analysis of variance (ANOVA), least significant differences (LSD) and co-efficient of correlation (r) values. All statements of significance were based at least on 95% confidence limits (i.e. P < 0.05).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Zool. 41(2): 135-144, 2013

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The haematobiochemical parameters, however, were not significantly correlated (P > 0.05) with each other among the chicken breeds. Except for cholesterol vs. urea in IND, none of the correlations tested for haemato-biochemical profiles of the experimental chickens was found significant. Relevance of this study in relation to health, clinico-pathology and improved breeding strategies of the poultry species in the country has been discussed.

Knowledge Management: Journal