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Performance of Field Crops Under Different Tree Management Practices in an Agroforestry System

A S M M R Khan
Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Ishurdi, Pabna.

M S Islam
Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Ishurdi, Pabna.

M M R Salim
Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Ishurdi, Pabna.

K C Roy
Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Ishurdi, Pabna.

S Samsuzzaman
Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Ishurdi, Pabna.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted in the farmers' field at Shainagar, Dinajpur during November 1995 to November 1997. The field crops wheat and T.Aman rice were grown sequentially for two years in RCBD with three replications in the allies of 8-year-old Albizia Iebbek. Eucalyptus camaldunsis and Melia azedarach receiving four pruning management (root, shoot, root + shoot and unpruned). Performance of the field crops in the open field was also studied as control. Grain and straw yields of wheat were significantly higher in M azedarach plot over the other two species. While gr(l.in and straw yields of rice were significantly higher in E. camaldulensis plot compared to other two species. Yield of both the crops under A. Iebbek was lower in both the years. Yield of wheat was significantly higher under root + shoot pruning management compared to those under other pruning management and was comparable to that in open field. Yield of rice was relatively better under root + shoot pruning management over those under other pruning managements. A. lebbek produced the highest fuel wood and green leaves. The results revealed that M azedarach could be compatible with wheat and E. camaldulensis with rice under irrigated condition if their root and shoot are pruned periodically and green biomass be incorporated into soils.

Keywords: Agroforestry, Monoculture, Crop, Soil, Agroecological zone

Location: Shainagar, Dinajpur Distric

Start Date: 00-11-1995

End Date: 00-11-1997

Program Area: Farming System

Non-commodity: Performance

Objectives:

To evaluate the performance of field crops (rice and wheat) as affected by tree species and pruning management in an agroforestry system.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in the farmers' field at Shainagar, Dinajpur during November 1995 to November 1997. The area falls under Tista Floodplain agroecological zone. The soil is sandy loam in texture with pH 4.5, total Nitrogen 0.078%, Phosphorus 15 ppm, Potassium 58 ppm, Sulphur 12 ppm, Zinc 1 ppm, Organic matter 1.55%. The tree species have been established by the Community Development Association (CDA a local NGO) under the funding of Swiss Development Cooperation (SDC) with a spacing of 8 x 8m. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The effect of three tree species viz. Atbizia lebbek (Koroi), Eucalyptus cemeldulensis (Eucalyptus) and Melia azedarach (Ghora neem) in combination with four pruning management viz. root, shoot, root + shoot and unpruned were studied on the associated field crops wheat and T.aman rice for two years. Performance of wheat and rice on the open field nearby the tree species was studied as control. The trees were planted in 1987 and were eight years old at the initiation of the study. Root and shoot pruning of trees was done 3 weeks before seeding of wheat and transplanting of rice and the pruned leaves were used as green manure. The pruned branches were used as fuelwood. Wheat seeds were broadcast at the rate of 120 kg/ha during early November in both the years. Fertilizers were applied at the rate of 100-80-60 kg N, P₂O₅ and K₂O/ha. During land preparation, 50 kg N and all of P₂O₅ and K₂O were applied as basal dressing. After 20 days, rest of N was applied. Rice seedlings were transplanted during the second week of August in both the years. Fertilizers were applied at the rate of 80-60-40 kg N, P₂O₅ and K₂O/ha. During land preparation, all of P₂O₅ and K₂O were applied. N was applied in three equal splits. Seedlings were planted in 25 cm apart rows. Wheat and rice were harvested immediately after the physiological maturity during late March and mid November respectively. Data on pruned materials and crop yields were recorded and analyzed statistically.

Source of Information: Proceedings of a national workshop on Development of Agroforestry Research in Bangladesh held september 16-17 2001, OFRD, BARI, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the results and discussion it is evident that crop performance under an agroforestry system is significantly influenced by tree species and tree management. By using suitable tree species and applying appropriate tree management practice the yield of associated crops could be improved to a great extent. In the present study both of M azedarach and E. cameldulensis were found suitable for agroforestry. M azedarach being a deciduous species was found more suitable for winter crop. Because of higher growth rate and providing more negative effect on field crops A. lebbek might be more suitable for monoculture. Among the pruning management treatments root and shoot pruning enhanced higher crop yield and pruned biomass production compared to only root or shoot pruning. However, long-term study on the effect of such pruning management on tree growth and associated crops would make the study more informative.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings