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The Epidemiology of Bacterial Pneumonia in Black Bengal Goats in Bangladesh

MA Momin
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

MA Islam
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

MM Khatun
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

MM Rahman
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

MA Islam
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Goat pneumonia is commonly caused by infectious agents. The present study was conducted at Mymensingh Sadar (District headquarters) and Ullahpara Upazillas (Subdistrict). In each area goats with a history of pneumonia were identified. Age, sex, season, health status and hygienic practices of the affected flocks were recorded. Lungs and nasal swabs were collected from 250 Black Bengal goats for bacteriological examination. The prevalence of pneumonia was higher in young goats (1-12 months old) than in adults (>12 to 36 months old) (33% and 11.3%, respectively) (P<0.05). The prevalence in female goats was higher than in male goats (23.0% and 12.0%, respectively). In winter prevalence was higher (27.1%) than in summer (11.0%) (P<0.05).

Keywords: Black Bengal goats, Bacterial, Pneumonia, Epidemiology

Location: Mymensingh Sadar and Sirajgonj in Bangladesh.

Start Date: 00-05-2009

End Date: 00-04-2010

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Goat

Objectives:

To determine the epidemiology of bacterial pneumonia in Black Bengal goats in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

This study was conducted at Mymensingh Sadar (District headquarters) and Ullahpara Upazilla (Sub-district), Sirajgonj in Bangladesh from May 2009 to April 2010. Goats (n = 250) manifesting the characteristic clinical signs of respiratory distress such as: high fever (40 - 41°C), anorexia, dyspnoea, coughing and depression were selected. In Mymensingh Sadar, the study area included the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), BAU goat farm, Bulbul private goat farm and Kamal-Ranjit (KR) shopping centre. In Ullahpara of Sirajganj district, the study was conducted at Howrah village. Nasal swabs were collected from clinically sick goats (n = 247) using sterile cotton bud. Lung swabs from three dead goats were collected from the inner core of the lung using sterile cotton buds during necropsy. Swab samples were placed immediately into the Falcon tubes containing 10 mL nutrient broth. All swab samples were transported to the laboratory using ice box and kept at 4°C until use. Age, sex, health status and husbandry practice were recorded by the animals’ attendants using a pretested questionnaire. Nasal and lung swab samples were inoculated onto nutrient agar and blood agar, Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) agar and MacConkey agar media and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. The colonies on primary culture were repeatedly sub-cultured by streak plate method until pure cultures with homogenous colonies were obtained. Identification of bacteria was performed by colony morphology, Gram’s stain and biochemical tests. Statistical analysis was performed using ‘Statistical package for the social sciences’ (SPSS), version 17.0. The association between each risk factor and the outcome variable was assessed using the Chi-square ( Χ 2 ) test. For all analysis a p value of ≤ 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.

Source of Information: Bangl. vet. 2014. Vol. 31, No. 2, 70-73, ISSN 1012-5949

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bvet.v31i2.27686

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Goats in poor health showed higher pneumonia prevalence than goats in good health (22.6% and 11.7%, respectively). Goats reared under unsatisfactory hygienic conditions exhibited higher prevalence of pneumonia than goats reared under satisfactory hygienic conditions (24.4% and 12.2%, respectively). Poor husbandry is a predisposing factor to pneumonia in goats. Results of this study suggest that bacterial pneumonia is endemic in the study areas and underscore the need for prevention and control measures.

Knowledge Management: Journal