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Prevalence of Fungi in Different Varieties of Chickpea

Shamim Shamsi
Professor
Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.

Amina Khatun
Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A total of nine species of fungi were found to be associated with seeds of nine varieties of chickpea. The isolated fungi were Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, A. fumigatus, A. nidulans, Curvularia lunata, Penicillium sp., Rhizopus stolonifer and Trichoderma viride. Association of fungi with chickpea seeds was recorded three times, within a week after harvest, after two and five months of storage. The fungal association varied with duration of storage period. Species of Aspergillus, Penicillium and Rhizopus become predominating fungi with increase of the storage period. The fungal association with seeds of chickpea also affects germination, seedling mortality and seedling height. Germination of BARI chola 6 and 7 were completely inhibited due to prevalence of Rhizopus stolonifer in the seeds examined within seven days of harvest. The total fungal infection in chickpea seeds was highest in BARI chola 8 (168) and lowest in BARI chola 1 (65).

Keywords: Chickpea seeds, Fungi, Prevalence, Seedling height, Seedling mortality

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Seed Technology

Commodity: Chickpea

Objectives:

To search the prevalence of fungi in different chickpea seeds in storage conditions.

Methodology:

The present study was carried on storage seeds of chickpea. Seed samples of Barichola 1-9 were collected from Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur. Samples were collected after harvesting and placed in clean brown paper bags, labeled properly and preserved at room temperature for subsequent use. The fungi were isolated from the samples following the Tissue Planting method on PDA medium (CAB 1968) and Blotter method of ISTA (1996). Two hundred seeds of each sample were placed on three layers of moist blotting paper (Whatman No. 1) in Petri plates. The seeds were surface sterilized by dipping in 10% Chlorox solution for 5 minutes and then washed three times with sterilized water. Seeds were placed in each plate and incubated at 25 ± 2°C for 5 - 7 days. Fungi isolated from seed inocula were transferred to separate PDA plates and PDA slants for further studies and preservation. Identification of the isolates were determined based on morphological characteristics observed under a compound microscope following the standard literatures. Per cent frequency of the occurrence of the fungal isolates was calculated by adopting the formula. For the determination of germination, 300 seeds of each sample were taken and placed in 30 PDA plates. Each plate contained 10 seeds. Plates were then incubated at room temperature for 7 days. Seeds producing both plumule and radicle were considered as germinated seeds. Germination was recorded after 7 days. Data were expressed as percentage. Seedling mortality was determined after 10 days of incubation the formula. Seedling height of different varieties of chickpea seeds at 7 ^th day was also recorded.

Source of Information: J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci., Vol. 40, No. 1, 37-44, 2016

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v40i1.28323

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The total fungal infection in chickpea seeds was highest in BARI chola 8 (168) and lowest in BARI chola 1 (65). Storage fungi deteriorate the quality and quantity of seeds in storage. Fungal population of nine varieties of chickpea seeds have been extensively studied up to 5 months of storage. Associated fungi were isolated and identified. Association of A. nidulans with chickpea seed is new addition to the field of Mycology and Plant Pathology. Present findings will be helpful for designing the management of mycoflora of chickpea in storage.

Knowledge Management: Journal