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Effect of Tree Species and Their Spacing on Crop Productivity and Soil Fertility in an Agroforestry System

M R Karim
On-Farm Research Division, BARI, Pabna

M F Haque
On-Farm Research Division, BARI, Pabna

F Islam
On-Farm Research Division, BARI, Pabna

M A Momin
On-Farm Research Division, BARI, Pabna

M Akkas Ali
On-Farm Research Division, BARI, Pabna

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at ARS, Pabna. Four spacing treatments each viz. 6 x 1 m, 8 x 1 m, 10 x 1 m and 12 x 1 m of Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Acacia nilotice were evaluated for in comparison with open field during 1997-98. Two sub treatments viz., root pruned and root unpruned were imposed to the spacing treatments. The root pruning (at 15 cm depth) had a significant positive effect on B.aus rice and wheat grain yield towards the wider spacing of Eucalyptus camaldulensis. Similar trend of B.aus and wheat grain yield was found in Acacia based system. Root pruned by spading up to 15 cm plough depth showed also a positive significant effect on grain yield of B.aus and wheat grain towards wider spacing and the highest grain yield was found at 12 m in spacing. It was also found that the grain yield of B.aus rice and wheat were significantly higher at Eucalyptus tree over Acacia.

Keywords: Agroforestry, Crop, Soil, Eucalyptus, Acacia.

Location: On-Station, ARS, Pabna District.

Start Date: 00-04-1997

End Date: 00-04-1998

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Non-commodity: Performance

Objectives:

i. To evaluate spatial crop yield as affected by tree species and their spacing.

ii. To evaluate spatial soil variability as affected by tree species and their spacing.

Methodology:

An experiment was conducted at the On-Station, ARS, Pabna from April 1997 to April 1998. The experiment utilized a year old existing hedgerows with three replicates in RCB design. Four spacing treatments viz. 6 x 1 m, 8 x 1, 10 x 1 m and 12 x 1 m were evaluated for Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Acacia nilotica during 1997 through 1998. Two sub-treatments viz. root pruned and root unpruned were imposed to the above spacing treatment during 1997. The treatments were compared to the open field system. A year old seedlings of tree species was established during September 1989 in rows with 1 m plant-to-plant distance. All alleys including the control plots were prepared for rice wheat cropping sequence. Rice as BR-21 and wheat as Kanchan were sown in third week of April 1997 and third week of November respectively in 1997. Before B.aus and wheat sowing, shoot and root pruning of trees were done where roots of ploughing zone (15 cm depth) was cut down by spade. The pruning biomass was removed from the field and recorded. Rice and wheat were fertilized with 60-40-20 kg N-P₂0₅-K₂0 kg/ha and 80-60-40 kg N-P₂0₅-K₂0 kg/ha, respectively. All PK and 1/3 N were applied before planting as basal. The rest 2/3 N was applied in two splits as top dress at 25 and 45 DAE in case of rice. All PKS and 1/3N were applied before planting as basal. The rest 2/3 N was applied in two splits as top dress at 21 and 45 DAE in case of wheat. Two weeding were done in both the crop. One irrigation was made at CRI stage of wheat. Preventive and curative measures were taken against pests and diseases whenever necessary. Rice and wheat were harvested manually in the month of August 1997 and early April 1998.

Source of Information: Proceedings of a national workshop on Development of Agroforestry Research in Bangladesh held september 16-17 2001, OFRD, BARI, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the results it was found that the yield of B.aus and wheat was gradually decreased year to year in spite of root and shoot pruning. Therefore, the cropping pattern under alley cropping may be suggested to cultivate okra/indian spinach-radish/spinach/red amaranth- wheat instead of existing cropping pattern B.aus-fallow-wheat Pruning management (shoot and root pruning) with wider spacing (12m) had significantly positive effect on the grain yield of B.aus and wheat under Eucalyptus tree compared to that of Acacia tree. Root and shoot pruning is recommended to reduce the negative tree-crop interaction under alley cropping system. From the results, it was depicted that in spite of pruning management the shading effect was more pronounced on the grain yield of B.aus rice. So, instead of B.aus rice, shade tolerant vegetable may be suggested to fit in the cropping pattern. The disposal pattern is summer vegetable -radish - wheat instead of existing cropping pattern B.aus - Fallow- wheat

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings