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Improving Rice Post-harvest Technology in Bangladesh

Akhter Ahmed
Senior Scientific Officer
Agricultural Engineering Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701

MA Mazed
Director
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The post-harvest activities in Bangladesh are traditional and labour intensive. The main activities are manual harvesting, manual threshing, animal or mechanical treading, sun drying, traditional parboiling and milling in huller mills or traditional devices. The milling recovery and quality of milled rice depends on the milling machinery, pre-milling treatments and the paddy variety. Many of the post-harvest activities in the rural area are done by women.The post-harvest losses in paddy were estimated at about 13% of which the processing losses were very high. The losses are due to delay harvesting, improper handling, incomplete threshing, scattering, bird and domestic animals eating the grains, improper soaking, parboiling and drying, use of inefficient steel huller for both husking and polishing etc.Improved methods for loss prevention are suggested in this paper. The practice of steam parboiling in all the rice mills will produce uniform parboiled paddy. The rubber-roll huller for husking may be incorporated to the existing machinery which can be used as a polisher. The owners of automatic rice mills can take loan to run the mills. For adoption of the appropriate post-harvest technology and the improvement of rice processing and marketing, some action programmes are also suggested.

Keywords: Harvesting, Threshing, Drying and cleaning, Parboiling, Milling

Location: Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701

Start Date: 25-12-1993

End Date: 00-00-1995

Program Area: Farm Mechanization

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To review the rice post-harvest practices in Bangladesh;
To study the women’s involvement in post-harvest operations;
To review the rice post-harvest losses and
To suggest how to reduce the losses.

Methodology:

Paddy grains from the field undergo a series of operations before it is sold, consumed or used as seeds. The flow chart of the post-harvest operations practiced in farm and village levels in Bangladesh is shown and these operations are i) harvesting and threshing, ii) drying and cleaning, iii) parboiling, iv) milling and v) storage. The data of post-harvest losses through these operations are collected and analyzed.

Source of Information: AMA Vol.27, No. 3, 37-43, Summer 1996

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The post-harvest losses can be minimized by the following methods:-to harvest the paddy at proper time (80% of grain ripen);-to thresh the paddy by pedal or mechanical thresher;

-to dry clean paddy in steps drying system;to use improve parboiling system;-to practice two-stage milling system;-to put a coating inside the storage structure;-to use preventives in stored grains;-to dry and clean the stored paddy when needed

Improvement in Post-harvest Activities

In order to minimize the rice post-harvest losses the government should give more emphasis in proper farm planning, execution and efficient marketing system.

The following recommendations are suggested to improve the rice post-harvest technology:

Technology transfer -A special programme should be undertaken to demonstrate and adopt the appropriate post-harvest technology to the rural women who do much of the farm work. Marketing system- In order to supply fair, uniform quality of polished rice in the market, rice bags should be leveled by the rice millers for identification of necessary information.

Action programme- Installation of rubber-roll huller for hulling paddy is needed to the existing custom rice mills and polishing by the existing machinery. Steam treatment parboiling should be practiced in the rice mill, in order to guard against over/under boiled paddy.

Knowledge Management: Journal