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Major Floods in Bangladesh: Return Period and Their Effects on Bangladesh

S. Islam
Department of Civil Engineering, IUBAT- International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Dhaka

M. J. B. Alam
Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet

M. A. Islam
Department of Civil Engineering, IUBAT- International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Dhaka

M. A. Haque
Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet

M. S. Hossain
Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Bangladesh is a poor country. Every year lots of people and properties are damaged due to flood. The most important questions that need to be addressed are: what are the causes of floods, trend of frequency of flood occurrence and how much is the loss of properties and lives in flood? Considering the major floods only, it is found that in Bangladesh floods are more frequent in the 20th century than that of 19th century. From 1987 the precise records of floods were found and an analysis was done to find the destruction of lives and properties. It was found that the death toll of lives and properties were increasing. According to data in every major flood the property loss is approximately more than 1 billion U.S. dollar.

Keywords: Floods, Surface-water flow, Mean sea level

Location: Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet

Start Date: 00-00-1988

End Date: 00-00-1998

Program Area: Resource Development and Management

Non-commodity: Adoption of technology

Objectives:

1. The most important questions that need to be addressed are: what are the causes of floods, trend of frequency of flood occurrence and how much is the loss of properties and lives in flood?

Methodology:

For 19th and 20th centuries major floods two separate column charts have drawn to show the frequencies or return periods of floods. The death and property loss is presented in a tabular form to show the effects of floods in various years in Bangladesh.

Source of Information: J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 3(1): 93-95, 2010; ISSN 1999-7361

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It was found from the flood data that every major flood caused huge amount of property and live losses. The flood of 1998 was the most severe in scale of duration, area affected, property except life loss. The maximum death occurred in the flood of 1988. It is observed that the property loss in every major flood is roughly more than 1 billion U.S. dollar but life loss was reduced as the time progress may be due to improved awareness among the people and many steps taken by the GOV. When the floods assume disastrous, it disrupts normal agricultural activities and renders agricultural workers jobless. It hinder the development of the countries progress and for a developing like Bangladesh leaver many people hungry and may cause famine. If the frequency of major floods increase in future, the situation will be more critical for Bangladesh. Ours is a extremely flood-prone country, so it will be appropriate for the decision makers to take preparation to reduce the severity of the flood by dredging the river, making storage of water and embankment, reducing global warming, making more canal to flow the rain water and so on. Proper flood forecast may save a significant amount of damage also. So more researches and works on floods are deemed to minimize or protect the future devastation of flood.

Knowledge Management: Journal