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Prevalence of Multidrug Resistant Escherichia Coli in Pigeon in Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Rubel Kanti Dey
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Mst. Minara Khatun*
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Md. Ariful Islam and
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Md. Sahadat Hosain
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

To determine prevalence of antimicrobial resistant Escherichia coli in pigeon a total of 112 samples such as cloacal swabs (n=36), foot pads (n=36) and feces (n=40) were collected from pigeon aseptically. Samples were enriched in nutrient broth and then streaked onto eosine methylene blue agar, Salmonella-Shigella agar, MacConkey agar and blood agar. The cultural and biochemical characteristics of bacterial isolates of pigeon were indicative of E. coli. The prevalence of E. coli in cloacal swabs, foot pads and feces samples were 86.11%, 44.44% and 77.50%, respectively. The overall prevalence of E. coli in pigeon was 69.64% (78 of 122 samples were found positive for E. coli). The antibiotic sensitivity pattern showed that E. coli isolates were sensitive to erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, kanamycin, nalidixic acid and resistant to amoxicillin, tetracycline and sulphamethaxazole. It may be concluded that pigeons from Mymensingh locality in Bangladesh carry multidrug resistant E. coli. Data of this study will be helpful in creating public health awareness among people and help controlling transmission of drug resistant E. coli by undertaking effective sanitary and hygienic measures.

Keywords: Antibiotic sensitivity, Escherichia coli, Prevalence, Pigeon

Location: Live bird market, farms and village of Mymensingh Sadar.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Poultry

Objectives:

Our goal for this study was to determine the prevalence of antimicrobialresistant E. coli in apparently healthy pigeons at live bird market, farms and village of Mymensingh Sadar.

Methodology:

Collection of samples: A total of 112 samples comprised of cloacal swabs (n=36), foot pads (n=36) and feces (n=40) were collected aseptically from apparently healthy pigeons in different areas of Mymensingh such as Sanki para bazar, Machowa bazar, Kewatkhali bazar, Kamal-Ranjit live bird market, Bangladesh Agricultural University poultry farm, Sheshmor, Sutiakhali and Boira villages. Cloacal swabs and fecal samples were collected by using sterilized cotton buds and foot pads were collected after slaughtering the pigeons. Samples were transported to the laboratory maintaining 4°C. Isolation of E. coli: Samples were enriched in nutrient broth (NB) by overnight incubation at 37°C. After enrichment in NB, a loopful of cultured broth was streaked on Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) agar, Salmonella-Shigella (SS) agar, MacConkey (MC) agar and Blood Agar (BA) media and incubated at 37°C for 24 hrs. Identification of E. coli: Identification of E. coli in pure culture was performed by observing colony morphology, Gram’s staining and motility test. Colonial morphology of E. coli such as size, margin, elevation and color were recorded on EMB agar, SS agar, MC agar and BA to study cultural characteristics (Cheesebourgh, 1985). Biochemical characterization of E. coli was performed by sugar fermentation reactions (dextrose, sucrose, lactose, maltose and mannitol). The methyl red-Voges Proskauer (MR-VP) and indole tests were performed according to the method described by Cowan (1985). Antibiotic sensitivity assay: Disc diffusion or Kirby-Bauer method (Bauer et al., 1966) was used to test the sensitivity patterns of E. coli isolates of pigeon. Briefly, antibiotic sensitivity was tested using 0.5 McFarland turbidity standard inoculum and freshly prepared dried Mueller Hinton agar (Oxoid, UK) against 10 common antibiotics: erythromycin (15 µg/disc), ampicillin (10 µg/disc), amoxycillin (10 µg/disc), chloramphenicol (30 µg/disc), ciprofloxacin (5 µg/disc), tetracycline (30 µg/disc), kanamycin (30 µg/disc), gentamicin (10 µg/disc), sulphamethoxazole (25 µg/disc) and nalidixic acid (30 µg/disc) (Oxoid, UK). Three E. coli isolates of cloacal swabs, four E. coli isolates of foot pads and three E. coli isolates of feces were randomly selected for the test. The results were expressed as resistant, intermediate or sensitive according to the guidelines of Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI, 2007).

Source of Information: Microbes and Health, June 2013, 2(1): 5-7

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Data of this study suggests that pigeon at household, farms and live bird markets are reservoir of multidrug resistant E. coli that might contaminate food chain if proper hygienic measures are not undertaken during rearing, handling and processing of pigeon.

Knowledge Management: Journal