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Immunogenicity of BAU-bivalent Salmonella and Fowl Cholera Vaccines in Shuvra Chickens

Manasi Modak
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202,Bangladesh.

Md. Mansurul Amin
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202,Bangladesh.

Sukumar Saha*
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Jayedul Hassan
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202,Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was performed to investigate the immunogenicity of Salmonella and Fowl cholera vaccine prepared at BAU using Shuvra strain of chickens administered with BAU Salmonella bivalent and BAU Fowl cholera vaccines prepared by “Livestock and Poultry Vaccine Research and Production Centre”, (LPVRPC). A total of 60 apparently healthy BLRI strains Shuvra were used in this study. The birds were divided into three groups, consisting of 20 birds in each group. Shuvra- A group birds were vaccinated with BAU Salmonella bivalent vaccine, Shuvra-B group birds with BAU Fowl cholera vaccines and Shuvra-C group birds were used as unvaccinated control. The birds, except the ones in group C, were vaccinated intramuscularly (0.5ml) at 8 weeks of age followed by a booster dose at 12 weeks of age. Sera samples were collected on day 56, 85, 105 days and after challenge at 140 days age of birds. Secondary (booster) vaccination (P<0.05) exhibited a significant level of antibody response. The antibody titre of these birds slowly descended till four weeks of challenge test. It was observed that a dependable level of immunogenicity of BAU Salmonella Bivalent and BAU Fowl cholera vaccine was observed when administered under this schedule followed in Shuvra strain of chickens.

Keywords: Shuvra, BAU Salmonella bivalent vaccine, BAU Fowl cholera vaccine, Efficacy.

Location: Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, BAU, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-05-2011

End Date: 00-04-2012

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Chicken

Objectives:

This investigation is a primary one on the immune response of this type of birds following vaccination with Salmonella bivalent and Fowl cholera vaccines prepared by “Livestock and Poultry Vaccine Research and Production Centre”, (LPVRPC) of the Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh.

Methodology:

Study location and duration: The present research was carried out at the Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, BAU, Mymensingh during the period of May, 2011 to April, 2012. Vaccines used Salmonella bivalent and Fowl cholera vaccines produced by LPVRPC, BAU, Mymensingh were used in this study. Experimental chickens and laboratory animals: A total number of 60 aged eight (8) weeks of newly developed strain of chicken named Shuvra were used for this experiment. These birds were obtained as day-old chicks with the courtesy of Bangladesh Livestock Research and Institute (BLRI). A total of 74 healthy suckling day-old mice were collected for the determination of LD50 and safety test of the vaccines. A total of 4 apparently healthy adult rabbits were used for the collection of sera for PHA test. Experimental immunization of chicken Experimental chickens were divided equally into three groups; Shuvra-A, Shuvra-B and Shuvra-C. The chickens in group Shuvra-A (n=20) were vaccinated with 0.5 ml (4.7 ×107 CFU/ ml) of experimentally prepared BAU Salmonella bivalent vaccine. Similarly, group Shuvra-B (n=20) were vaccinated with 0.5 ml (2.43×108 CFU/ml) of BAU Fowl cholera vaccine while the remaining non-immunized was kept as control group Shuvra-C (n=20). The initial dose (primary vaccination) of Salmonella bivalent and Fowl cholera vaccine were given to the birds of Shuvra-A and Shuvra-B respectively through IM route at the age of 8 weeks. These birds were revaccinated with same dose of vaccines through IM after four weeks of primary vaccination as booster (12 wks of age). Collection and preservation of sera: The collection and preservation of sera were accomplished according to the method described by Heddleston and Reisinger (1960). The sera samples were collected on day 56 (8 weeks), 85 (12 weeks), 105 days (15 weeks) and after challenge at 140 days (20 weeks) age of the experimental birds. Sera was also collected from the control birds at 8, 12 and 15 weeks of age and all the sera were kept in sterilized glass vials with rubber cap, raped with para film and preserved at - 200 C until used. Challenge exposure to the vaccinated chicken: Test group of Shuvra-A, Shuvra-B and control group Shuvra-C were used for the protection test. After 7 days of final immunization the chickens of Shuvra-A were challenged with LD50 of S. gallinarum and S. pullorum (8.9 x 1013 CFU/ml of S. gallinarum and 8. 6x 1013 CFU/ml of S. pullorum) and chickens of Shuvra-B were challenged with LD50 of P. multocida (250µl containing 2.43×108 CFU/ml). Death pattern was observed upto 10 days. Passive haemagglutination (PHA) test: The serological analysis was conducted by passive haemagglutination (PHA) test to determine antibody titres of the sera collected from both vaccinated and non vaccinated chickens following the method described by Tripathy et al. (1970). Statistical analysis: The antibody titers of vaccinated and control birds were analyzed by students t - test. Significance of survival rates of chicken were analyzed by Mantel Cox log rank test.

Source of Information: Microbes and Health, December 2012, 1(2): 50-53

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It was demonstrated that immunogenicity of both the vaccines used in Shuvra strain of chicken was dependable and a protection of 100% was observed and the vaccines were safe.

Knowledge Management: Journal