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Seroprevalence of Brucellosis and Its Associated Risk Factors in Sheep and Goat in the Farms and Slaughter House in Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Laboni Akhter

Susanto Das
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Mst. Minara Khatun
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Md. Ariful Islam
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Md. Ariful Islam
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A cross sectional study was performed to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors of brucellosis in sheep and goat on the farms, Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), and animal slaughter house of Mymensingh, Bangladesh. Sera were prepared after collecting blood samples from sheep (n=101) and goat (n=113). Risk factors relating to brucellosis were determined considering the variables generated from a questionnaire. These variables included animal’s age, sex, pregnancy, and husbandry system. The sera were tested by Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) for the detection of Brucella abortus specific antibodies in sheep and goat. The results revealed that 5.94% (n=6/101) sera of sheep, and 6.19% (n=7/113) sera of goat were positive for brucellosis. Higher prevalence of brucellosis was recorded in female sheep (7.54%) and goat (6.49%) as compared to male sheep (4.16%) and goat (5.50%), respectively. The sheep and goat above two years of age showed higher prevalence of brucellosis (8.69% and 6.45%) as compared to other ages. No risk factor was found to be statistically significant (p>0.05). Data of this study suggest that sheep and goat could be the reservoir hosts of brucellosis that might constitute a hurdle in the controlling of bovine and human brucellosis.

Keywords: Bangladesh, Brucellosis, Goat, Sheep, Rose Bengal plate test

Location: Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-07-2011

End Date: 00-05-2012

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Goat

Objectives:

1. The study was designed to determine the seroprevalence of B. abortus specific antibody response in sheep and goat, and isolation of Brucella spp. from the seropositive reactor animals at the BAU sheep and goat farms, BAU Veterinary Teaching Hospital, and animal slaughter house in Mymensingh.

Methodology:

The study was conducted for a period of 10 months (July 2011 to May 2012) at the Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, BAU, Mymensingh. Sample collection - Serum samples (n=214) were collected from sheep (n= 101) and goats (n= 113) from Veterinary Teaching Hospital and sheep and goat farms at BAU and municipal slaughter house, Mymensingh. Risk factors variables such as animal’s age, sex, pregnancy status and husbandry practice were recorded by a questionnaire administered to the animals’ attendants. Serological test - Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) was used to detect B. abortus specific antibody in the serum samples. The antigen (B. abortus strain 119-3) was obtained from the Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Republic of Korea. The test was performed. The test and control sera were homogenized using a vortex and 10 μL of each serum was placed on a glass plate marked with circles of approximately 2 cm in diameter. After gentle shaking the antigen vial, 10 μL of antigen was placed beside the serum drop. The antigen and serum were mixed on the plate for 4 min. Definite clumping/ agglutination was considered as a positive reaction, while no clumping/agglutination was the indication of negative reaction. Bacteriological study - Blood samples of seropositive sheep (n=6) and goat (n=7) were cultured on blood agar and brucella agar media for isolation of Brucella spp. Blood samples were processed by the lysis concentration method with some modifications. Briefly, 100 μL blood sample was mixed with 900 μl distilled water in an Eppondorf tube. Hemolysed blood samples were centrifuged at 1500 rpm for 30 minutes at 4°C temperature. Supernatant was inoculated duplicate in blood agar and brucella agar media plates and incubated at 37°C for 5 days under 5% CO₂ atmosphere. Statistical analysis - Statistical analysis was performed using ‘Statistical package for the social sciences’ (SPSS), version 17.0 (UK). The association between each risk factor and the outcome variable was assessed using the Chi-square (x2) test. For all analysis a p value of ≤ 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.

Source of Information: Microbes and Health, June 2014, 3(1): 25-28; ISSN: 2226-0153 (Print) 2305-3542 (Online)

Article Link (Online Journal): http://journal.bsvmph.org/

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Data of this study suggest that brucellosis is endemic in sheep and goat populations in Mymensingh which underscore the need of implementation of control measures of brucellosis from these animal species.

Knowledge Management: Journal