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Reerence Crop Evapotranspiration Under Changing Climate in North-west Hydrological Region of Bangladesh

RAHENA PARVIN RANNU
Examination Roll No. 11 IWM JD 08 M; Registration No. 33621; Session: 2006-2007 ; Semester: July-December 2012; MASTER OF SCIENCE (AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING) IN IRRIGATION AND WATER MANAGEMENT, DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND WATER MANAGEMENT, BANGLADESH AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY , MYMENSINGH-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Climate change is one of the most important global environmental challenges facing bwnanity with implications for food production, natural ecosystem and water supply. The expected climate change is thought to have severe impacts on agriculture, hydrological stem, ecosystem and other related systems. Reference crop evapotranspiration (ET₀), which is a measure of atmospheric evaporative demand, is independent of crop type, crop development and management practices. It provides a measure of the integrated effect of radiation, wind, temperature and humidity, and are affected by the climatic parameters. The information in these regard in Bangladesh is however lacking. So, this study identified the climatic parameters that are responsible for the variability of ET₀ in Dinajpur and Bogra districts of the North-West Hydrological region of Bangladesh. Daily climatic parameters for a period of 21 years (1990-2010) of these districts were collected from the Bangladesh Meteorological Department. ET₀ was determined by FAO Penman-Monteith method. Trend analysis of each parameter of ET₀ was done by MAKESENS trend model and correlation between ET₀ and its controlling parameters were analysed. The results showed a decreasing trend of ET₀ over most of the period of the year in Dinajpur and Bogra districts. A single or different combinations of ETo-determining parameters was/were responsible for the decreasing rate of ET₀ in different decades of the months and months of the year. The responsible parameters that caused variation in ET₀ differed in different decades and months. A decreasing rate of net radiation, saturation vapour pressure deficit and wind speed only in Dinajpur district, and net radiation and wind speed in Bogra district played the dominant roles for the decreasing rate of ET₀ under changing climatic condition. This study thus provides basic information on the variability of reference crop evapotranspiration due to climate change. This information can be used for water resources management and planning in irrigated agriculture of the North-West Hydrological region of Bangladesh.

Keywords: Reference ET, Climate chane, North-east refion, Bangladesh

Location: DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND WATER MANAGEMENT, BANGLADESH AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, MYMENSINGH

Start Date: 00-00-1990

End Date: 00-00-2010

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Command area development

Objectives:

1. To detect the trend of governing factors of reference crop evapotranspiration in North-West hydrological region of Bangladesh, 2. To detect and estimate the trend of reference crop evapotranspiration under changing climate in the region, and 3. To identify the responsible parameters that cause variability m the reference crop evapotranspiration.

Methodology:

Study area - Eight Hydrological Regions in Bangladesh: North West (NW), North Central (NC), North East (NE), South East (SE), South Central (SC), South West (SW), Eastern Hills (EH), and the active floodplains and charlands of the main rivers and estuaries. The NW Hydrological Region comprised 16 districtsof which Dinajpur and Bogra districts were selected for this study. Data collection and arrangement:Agro-climatic parameters - Daily climatic parameters like maximum temperature, minimum temperature, maximum relative humidity, minimum relative humidity, wind speed and sunshine duration of Dinajpur and Bogra districts for a period of 21 years (1990-2010) were collected from the Bangladesh Meteorological Department, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The daily agro-climatic parameters were arranged in mean decade-wise and mean monthly-wise. Daily climatic parameters for a period of 21 years (1990-2010) of these districts were collected from the Bangladesh Meteorological Department. ET 0 was determined by F AO Penman-Monteith method. Trend analysis of each parameter of ET 0 was done by MAKESENS trend model and correlation between ET 0 and its controlling parameters were analysed.

Source of Information: Examination Roll No. 11 IWM JD 08 M; Registration No. 33621; Session: 2006-2007 ; Semester: July-December 2012; MASTER OF SCIENCE (AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING) IN IRRIGATION AND WATER MANAGEMENT, DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION AND WATER MANAGEMENT, BANGLADESH AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY , MYMENSINGH-2202

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The major conclusions, in light of this study, have been drawn. (i) The governing parameters of reference crop evapotranspiration, ETa, changed temporally due to changes of climate. The rate of change (increase or decrease) of the governing parameters of ETa differed at different times (decades and months). (ii) ETa increased, in most cases significantly, over most of the times in February, March, July and September. (iii) Responsible ETa-determining parameters were temperature, net radiation and saturation vapour pressure deficit. These parameters played important roles for the increasing rate of reference crop evapotranspiration.

Knowledge Management: Thesis