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Assessment of Pollution Caused by Tannery-waste and Its Impact on Aquatic Bacterial Community in Hajaribag, Dhaka

Mahbubul Hasan Siddiqee
Microbiology Program, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, BRAC University, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh

M. Majibur Rahman
Department of Microbiology, Universityof Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Md. Saiful Islam
Department of Microbiology, Stamford University Bangladesh, Dhaka-1217, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The leather industries of Hajaribag area, Dhaka city, produce hundreds of metric tons of inorganic and organic wastes which pollute the adjacent water bodies including the river Buriganga. In the present study, a total of 18 water samples from 6 different points along the effluent distribution route were examined. Along with the dissolved oxygen concentration (DO), acidity (pH), conductivity, and concentration of total dissolved solute (TDS), concentration of the samples were measured followed by the enumeration of total heterotrophic bacteria. Pure cultures of bacterial isolates were obtained after a brief enrichment and the isolates were biochemically identified up to genus level. The physicochemical test readings showed significant fluctuations in different points indicating radically heterogeneous conditions throughout the distribution system. The total count varied from 1.2x10² to 6.3x10³ cfu/ml. Different bacterial genera including Alcaligenes spp., Bacillus spp., Corynebacterium spp., Escherichia spp., Micrococcus spp., Pseudomonas spp., Shigella spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. were isolated from the collected samples. The bacterial community was found to be diversified where the concentration of tannery waste was less; thereby it was assumed that the tannery waste might affect the aquatic bacterial community both quantitatively and qualitatively.

Keywords: Tannery waste; Pollution; Bacterial community

Location: Microbiology Program, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, BRAC University, Dhaka

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Water quality

Objectives:

1. To study the impact of tannery-wastes on the physicochemical properties of the nearby water bodies at the Hajaribag site, and the associated effect on changing the population structure and microbial load of the water.

Methodology:

Sample site and sampling. Six different locations from nearby locality of Hazaribagh tannery industries of Dhaka city and the flow path of the disposed effluent were selected for the collection of samples and 3 samples were collected from each location. A total of 250 ml of water sample was collected aseptically from each point in sterile plastic bottle. Measurement of physicochemical parameters. The physicochemical parameters were examined in the laboratory just after the samples had become available. Probe based detection of pH, dissolve oxygen (DO), conductivity and total dissolve solid (TDS) were performed. Inoculation of samples. All samples (6×3=18) were divided into 2 sets of aliquots. One set was selected for the direct measurement of total heterotrophic plate count and the other set was subjected to enrichment. Both the enriched and non-enriched sets of samples were serially diluted up to 100 fold using physiological saline and all the dilutions were used for the assessment of bacterial composition in qualitative and quantitative manner, respectively. Enrichment of the samples was done with peptone water at room temperature in test tubes for 3 hours. Three milliliter from each water sample was mixed with previously prepared and autoclaved 3 ml 2X peptone water. This enrichment was done to revive the vitiated organisms. Nutrient agar (NA) and peptone agar (PA) were used for the enumeration and isolation of aerobic heterotrophic bacteria by using spread plate technique and incubated at 37°C. Identification of microorganisms. Identification of bacterial isolates was carried out according to Bergey’s Mannual. For further confirmation, several biochemical tests were performed according to the Manual of Methods for General Bacteriology by American Society for Microbiology to identify bacteria.

Source of Information: Stamford Journal of Microbiology, December 2012. Vol. 2, Issue 1; ISSN: 2074-5346

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The degree of correlation between the quantitative and qualitative variations along the waste distribution system was also calculated. Sites that showed higher variation were associated with higher counts and sites with less variation were associated with lower counts. However, two sites, namely, exit point and sluice-slum did not conform to this trend. In exit point the quantitative count (1.2×10³-2.5×10³ cfu/ml) was high enough in contrast to only 3 genera in that location. However, sluice-slum showed the opposite trend of having ten variants to account for a surprisingly low count.

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