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Screening of Understorey Crops Under Different Light Levels for Agroforestry Systems

M G Miah
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1703.

M M Haque
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1703.

M A Rahman
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1703.

T Ahamed
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1703.

M A Wadud
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1703.

M M Uddin Miah
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1703.

M M Boshir
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1703.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Performance of different pulse crops, tuber crops and spices crops were evaluated under different light levels throughout the growing season of 1998-2000. The light levels were 100, 75, 50 and 25% of available Photosynthetic Active Radiation. The light levels were created through different pore sizes of nylon nets. Morphology, yield contributing characters and yields were observed for each of the crops. Blackgram produced similar yield up to 50% reduction of light. On the other hand, mungbean and chickpea produced almost similar yields up to 25% reduction of light. Bottle gourd and eggplant produced the highest yields in full sunlight but also produced similar yield under 25% reduced light level. Okra, kangkong, tomato, radish and carrot produced higher yields under partial shade condition (75% PAR) and cabbage yielded maximum under 50% reduction of light. In case of spices, onion produced the highest yield under full sunlight but it did not vary significantly up to 25% reduced light level. The performance of turmeric and zinger were better under 75% PAR level and yields obtained under 50% reduced light were similar to full sunlight. Present studies suggested that mungbean, chickpea, bottle gourd, radish, carrot, tomato, eggplant, olkachu, yam, onion and zinger can be grown under 25% reduced light and blackgram, okra, kangkong, cabbage, sweet potato, mukhikachu and turmeric can be grown under 50% reduced light without significant yield losses.

Keywords: Agroforestry System, Tuber crop, Vegetable, Pulses, Spices

Location: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-1998

End Date: 00-00-2000

Program Area: Variety and Species

Non-commodity: Seasonality in production

Objectives:

To evaluate the productivity of different pulses, vegetables, tuber crops and spices crops under different reduced light levels for agroforestry systems.

Methodology:

Field experiments were carried out independently for each crop at the experimental farm of the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur (AEZ-28) throughout the growing seasons of 1998-2000. Different pulse crops like mungbean (BARI Mung-3, BARI Mung-4, BARI Mung-5 and BINA Mung-2), blackgram (BARI Mash-L, BARI Mash-2, BARI Mash-3 and BINA Mash-I) and chickpea (BARI Chola-I), vegetable crops like bottle gourd (BARI Lau-I), okra (IPSA), kangkong (Gimakalmi), indian spinach (red), red amaranth, cabbage (Agradut), tomato (Ratan), radish (Tasakisan), carrot, eggplant (Nayantara, Uttara and Kajla), sponge gourd (Local, white), ash gourd (IPSA Chalkumra-1), cucumber (Baromashi) and longyard bean (Kaqonatki), tuber crops like sweet potato (Tripti), olkachu (Local), mukhikachu (Bilashi), yam (Aerial); and spices crops like onion (Taherpuri), turmeric (Dimla) and zinger (Moysha) were grown under four different light levels such as 100, 75, 50 and 25% of available photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). The 100% PAR was the full sunlight. The reduced light levels were created using nylon nets with different pore sizes. The nets were placed at different height from the ground level as per crop required. The experiment for mungbean, blackgram and eggplant were laid out in split plot design and for the other crops were in randomized complete block design (RCBD) and all the treatments were replicated thrice. Unit plot size arranged from 2 X 2 m to 3 X 4 m depending upon the crop species. Replication to replication distance was 2m in each case. The crops were fertilized with recommended doses of fertilizers for each crop consisting of cowdung, urea, triple super phosphate (TSP) and muriate of potash (MP). All cowdung, TSP and MP were applied at the final land preparation. In case of urea, it was applied in different installments, which varied upon the growth duration of each crop. Recommended spacing for each crop was also followed. Plant protection measures and other management practices were done properly throughout the growing season. Data on yields of all the studied crops were recorded and analyzed statistically.

Source of Information: Proceedings of a national workshop on Development of Agroforestry Research in Bangladesh held september 16-17, 2001, OFRD, BARI, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the studies, it may be concluded that the efficiency of different pulses, vegetables, tubers, and spices crops under different light levels were different. Pulse crops generally produced the highest yields under full sunlight. However, blackgram produced similar yield up to 50% reduction of light, and mungbean and chickpea produced almost similar yields up to 25% reduction of light. Among the different vegetable crops, bottle gourd and eggplant though produced the highest yields in full sunlight but also produced similar yield under 25% reduced light level. But yields of indian spinach and red amaranth decreased significantly if grown under even 25% reduced light. Okra, kangkong, tomato, radish and carrot produced higher yields under partial shade condition (75% PAR) and cabbage yielded maximum yield under 50% reduction of light. Among the different tuber crops, most of them gave the maximum yields under 25% reduced light. In case of spices, onion produced the highest yield under full sunlight but it did not vary significantly up to 25% reduced light level. The performance of turmeric and zinger were better under 75% PAR level and yields produced under 50% reduced light were similar to full sunlight. Therefore, present studies suggested that mungbean, chickpea, bottle gourd, radish, carrot, tomato, eggplant, olkachu, yam, onion and zinger can be grown under 25% reduced light and blackgram, okra, kangkong, cabbage, sweet potato, mukhikachu and turmeric can be grown under 50% reduction of light without significant yield loss.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings