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Investigation on the Nitrogen Fixing Cyanobacteria (bga) in Rice Fields of North-west Region of Bangladesh. I: Nonfilamentous

M. A. Hasan
Department of Agronomy and Agricultural Extension, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted to carry out the nitrogen fixing cyanobaterial (BGA) resources and their distribution pattern in rice fields of North-West region of Bangladesh during the period of 2011. Considering the vast importance of Blue-green algae (BGA) in agricultural land especially in rice fields, twelve months long systematic observation was undertaken. A total of 15 genera with 42 species of non-filamentous (unicellular and colonial) blue-green algal forms were identified and recorded from this region. Out of 42 species, 9 species belonging to the genus Aphanocapsa, 8 to Chroococcus, 5 to Gloeocapsa, 4 to Aphanothece, 3 to Gloeothece, 3 to Merismopedia and 2 to Coelosphaerium; while 1 species belonging to each genus of Chroococcidiopsis, Synechococcus, Synechocystis, Dactylococcopsis, Microcystis, Myxosarcina, Hydrococcus and Xenococcus. The distribution pattern of non-filamentous BGA in rice fields over the study area has also been observed in this study. With few exceptions, the non-filamentous BGA are more or less uniformly distributed all over the study areas. All of the BGA members have a tremendous ability to contribute on enhancing agricultural production by fixing atmospheric nitrogen and adding organic matter, vitamins, growth promoting substances etc to the soil and crops.

Keywords: Bangladesh, Nitrogen fixing cyanobateria (BGA), Non-filamentous, Rice fields

Location: Five districts viz. Serajgonj, Pabna, Natore. Rajshahi and Naogoan of North-West part of Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2011

End Date: 00-00-2011

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

1. Carry out the members of blue-green algal resources in the rice fields of North-West region of Bangladesh, 2. Find out their distribution pattern over the same.

Methodology:

Five districts viz. Serajgonj, Pabna, Natore. Rajshahi and Naogoan of North-West part of Bangladesh have been considered as study zone. Rice field of two upozillas of each district like as Ullapar and Tarash of Serajgonj, Chatmohore and Ishwardi of Pabna, Gurudashpur and Singra of Natore, Rajshahi proper and Godagari of Rajshahi and Atri and Patnitala of Naogaon district have been selected as sampling spot. In all sampling spots spread over the study zone were selected for the collection of blue-green algal sample. The climatological and ecological variations have been intensively considered during the spot selection. Sampling was made at monthly interval from ten study spots. Commonly confined the surface layers, soil algal samples were collected by means of a diminutive rectangular shovel having a sharp blade. While the study field was damp, a small block could be removed directly by cutting with a scalpel. It is often difficult to separate algal specimen from soil particles. To obtain relatively clean samples, the soil blocks, were kept in a petri-dish and added enough water to saturate them. A few cover glasses were placed on the soil block and the dish was left open until the excess water had evaporated. Within in one or two days, motile algae in the soil crept up on the underside of the cover glasses and began to multiply. According to necessity, the samples were preserved by spraying Transeau’s solution on the petri-dish. A drop of 10% glycerin was placed on a clean slide and the algae contain cover slip was mounted on it and examined under the microscope. During the microscopic observation, only the BGA members are considered to be the desired specimen for the present study. Three slides of each sample have been observed under microscope to ensure the appearance or disappearance of any blue-green algal genus and species under themselves and also to confirm their distribution pattern. The drawing of blue-green algal specimen was done by using Camera Lucida. The measurement and microscopic calibration is done usually by the ocular micrometer which consists of an oculometer or eye piece micrometer and a stage micrometer. The systematic identification was done with the help of standard works.

Source of Information: J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(2): 185 - 192 , 2012; ISSN 1999-7361

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The present investigation notices that the nitrogen fixing non-filamentous Cyanobacteria (BGA) is more or less uniformly distributed all over the study region with few exceptions. However, in the present study, 42 nitrogen fixing non-filamentous blue-green algal (cyanobacteria) specimens under 15 genera are introduced to us which may be used in producing algal bio-fertilizer, enhancing soil fertility and rice production, reducing chemical fertilizer utilization and production cost, ensuring friendly environment to agriculture as they are capable to fix atmospheric nitrogen by no cost and produce organic manures, vitamins and growth promoting substances naturally.

Knowledge Management: Journal