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Improvement of Indigenous Potato Varieties of Bangladesh

Dr. Md. Abdus Siddique
Professor of Horticulure & IPV Coordinator
Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A 4½ year R&D program on improvement of Indigenous Potato Varieties (IPVs) of Bangladesh was implemented by the Dutch Executing Agency of Crop Diversification Program (DEA/CDP) during Jan 1991- June 1995. Morphological and economic characteristics, nutrient contents, consumers' preference and storability under natural conditions of 11 selected IPVs were studied. The findings of the study have been presented in a catalogue on IPVs of Bangladesh published by the Dutch Executing Agency of CDP in 1995. Selection of IPVs having high yield potential was continued through field performance study conducted at BAU before the program period, followed by multi-location yield trials conducted at 8 locations during the program period from 1992/93 to1994/95. The yields of 10 IPVs obtained from the multi-location trial conducted in 1992/93 (average of 8 locations) ranged between 13.5 to 26.6 Mt/ha, the highest yielder being Lal Shil followed by Lal Pakri and Ausha. The average of 8 locations and 3 seasons (1992/93-1994/95) demonstrated Ausha as the highest yielder (26.2 Mt/ha) among selected of 5 IPVs followed by Dohazari Lal (24.9 Mt/ha) and Lal Pakri (24.1 Mt/ha). The average yield of Lal Shil and Lal Pakri, obtained from 84 demo trials conducted in farmers' fields of 14 Upazillas using high quality seed potatoes, was 18.7 Mt/ha compared to an average of 9.7 Mt/ha obtained by 280 neighboring IPV growers. The total production of Lal Pakri and Lal Shil seed potatoes (seed size/about 38% of the total yield of potatoes) obtained from 41 hectares of seed crop was 294 M/t in 1994/95.

Keywords: Indigenous Potato Varieties, Characterization, Yield, Seed Quality, Seed Production

Location: Selected locations of Bogra, Joypurhat, Rajshahi, Rangpur, Dinajpur, Thakurgaon, Naogaon, Gaibandha, Mymensingh, Jamalpur, Sylhet, Chittagong

Start Date: 01-01-1991

End Date: 30-06-1995

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Potato

Objectives:

The study was carried out for:

(a) Documentation of morphological, nutritional and economic characteristics of IPVs;

(b) Screening of IPV varieties;

Methodology:

Eleven popular IPVs, collected earlier from major IPV growing areas of the country by the author, were used for the study and documentation of morphological and economic characteristics covering yield components, consumers' preference, dry matter content, nutritional status, stickiness and storability of tubers, conducted during 1991-92. The terms used in the study in describing the varieties of IPV were in accordance with Pushkarth's book, "Potatoes in India - Varieties" published in 1969. However, field performances of the varieties were carried out earlier at BAU during 1987/88, 1988/89 and 1989/90, before the start of present project work. Multi-location yield trials on selected 10 IPVs were conducted at 8 locations during the year 1992/93, covering RARS/ARS of BARI, BAU, Haji Danesh Krishi Collge and BADC farms. The trial was repeated at the same locations during the 1993/94 and 1994/95 seasons with 7 and 5 selected IPVs, respectively. Seed quality of selected IPVs were improved through +ve selection accompanied with increase in seed tuber size. The benefit of using high quality IPV seed tubers against farmers' own seed potatoes was demonstrated in 84 farmers' fields of 14 major IPV growing Upazillas of the country. Considering positive response of the demo farmers and neighboring potato growers, a IPV seed potato production program was initiated by the project in 1992/93. High quality seed potatoes of Lal Pakri and Lal Shil varieties, obtained though +ve selection during the previous year, were used in the seed production program. Contract growers, private seed companies, NGOs and Seed Growers' Groups of different areas were brought under the program. The total area under seed production was 8 hectares in 1992/3, which was raised to 28 hectares in 1993/94 and 41 hectares in 1994/95. A catalogue entitled, "Indigenous Potato Varieties of Bangladesh" has with color pictures of morphological features of 11 IPVs and findings of all other studies has been published.

Source of Information: Department of Horticulture, BAU, Mymensingh. 64 p.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.	Budget:
2.	Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

There are IPVs having high yield potential, high dry matter & nutrient contents, high consumers' preference and high storage ability under natural conditions. Morphological characterization of 11 selected IPVs was done, and a catalogue describing morphological characteristics of the selected IPVs was published. Replicated yield trials helped identifying Lal Shil, Lal Pakri, Ausha and Dohazari Lal varieties having high yield potential. Demo trials showed average yield of 18.7 Mt/ha obtained from 2 selected IPVs when high quality seed potatoes obtained from +ve selection was used. Organized production of high quality seed potatoes of selected IPVs was found to be promising.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings