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Effects of Solid Waste and Industrial Effluents on Water Quality of Turag River at Konabari Industrial Area, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M. S. Islam
Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management,Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh

S. Mahmud
Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management,Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh

M . Mustafa
Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management,Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh

T. R. Tusher
Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management,Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of solid waste and industrial effluents on the water quality of Turag River. Both the upstream and downstream sampled water from the selected points were analyzed for color, odor, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), iron (Fe), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) concentrations. Results of the study showed that the color of water was light to dark black and emitted noxious smell due to the industrial effluents. The upstream water was slightly alkaline with comparatively high DO content while low concentration of other parameters. The water after the solid waste and effluents received points as well as middle and downstream points was slightly alkaline with higher levels of other parameters when compared with upstream point. The minimum and maximum values of pH, EC, TDS, DO and BOD were 7.24-7.61, 425-2277 μS/cm, 239-1349 ppm, 1.22-3.66 ppm and -2.44-0.86 ppm, respectively. The continuous dumping of waste materials resulted in a marked increase in the concentration of metals in the river water varied in the order of Fe > Zn > Pb > Cu > Cd. The study concluded that the downstream water in the river was almost polluted and unsuitable for human consumption and aquaculture purposes.

Keywords: Turag River, Waste, Water quality

Location: Turag River at Konabari Industrial Area, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Water quality

Objectives:

1. To determine the status of the surface water quality including heavy metal concentrations of Turag River at Konabari waste dumping site, and to compare the water quality parameters with the existing standard values.

Methodology:

Study Area The study area was located at the Konabari BSCIC (Bangladesh Small and Cottage Industries Corporation) area at Gazipur district adjacent to the capital city Dhaka of Bangladesh, which is approximately at the latitude of 24.00ºN and longitude 90.34ºE. The elevation of the area was approximately 10 meters and situated beside the Tangail-Gazipur highway. This area is geographically a part of the pleistocene terrace, popularly known as madhupur tract which composed of alluvial soil of the pleistocene period. Such lands are characterized by high, undulated land surface with red soil, criss crossed by flood plains and streams. The Turag River is flowing through the study area. The study area is a unique place where industrial effluents are directly discharged through different channels into the river, and solid wastes are dumped regularly on the bank of the river in an unscientific manner. Sampling The water samples were collected from five different points of the Turag River where two samples from upstream (U), two from downstream (D) and one from the middle point (M) at which the river received solid waste. Samples were collected in 1 litre plastic bottles at a distance of about 100 meters from each other point to analyse pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD) and heavy metals such as copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), iron (Fe), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn). Prior to collect sample, all bottles were washed with distilled water. Before sampling, the bottles were rinsed again three times with the water to be sampled. A 90ml of water sample from each bottle was transferred to 100ml plastic bottle which contained 10ml 2M Hydrochloric acid solution for the analysis of heavy metals. The HCl solution was used to protect water samples from any fungal and other pathogenic attack. After collection, the bottles containing samples were sealed immediately to avoid exposure to air. The samples were taken from the mid-stream and approximately 0.30 meters below the surface. To provide necessary information for each sample such as date of collection, location, time, etc. were recorded in the note book and each sample collected in a plastic bottle was labeled separately with a unique identification number. The water samples for the analysis of DO and BOD were then carefully carried to the laboratory of the Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh, and the samples for the analysis of heavy metals were transported to the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh. In the laboratory, the bottles were kept in a clean, cool and dry place before analyzed.

Source of Information: J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(2): 213 - 218, 2012; ISSN 1999-7361

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results of the study showed that the upstream water was neutral with comparatively high dissolved oxygen, but low values of other parameters. Although the upstream water contained pollutants, the water quality was comparatively good than the water after receiving the solid waste and industrial effluents which was slightly alkaline pH with higher concentration of other parameters, especially downstream point. The results suggested that the solid waste and industrial effluents being discharged into the river have considerable negative effects on the water quality of the river water and as such, the water was not good for human purposes and for other uses. In such conditions, only feasible options that could be followed such as appropriate distance from the surrounding water body should be maintained for waste dumping and dumping site should be properly managed; the industries should be installed effluent treatment plant (ETP) for all the industrial wastes so that they are treated before being dumped into the environment; and appropriate laws and legislations on dumping of industrial waste into the river should be established.

Knowledge Management: Journal