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Distribution and Abundance of Mechanical Tissues and Air Spaces in Deep Water Rice

M. A. Haque
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

M. A. S. Miah
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Five deep water strains of rice, locally known as Oriraj, Kalampasha, Gudaman, Gangbazail and Mediaman, have been investigated following the free hand section and paraffin method of microtechnique. No remarkable difference has been found in the epidermis. The number of hypodermal layers has been found to be 3-4 layers in thickness. The vascular bundles are in two rows, the outer (abaxial) and the inner (adaxial). The outer bundles are smaller in size as well as in number than the inner bundles. They may be attached to, embedded in or away from the hypodermis. The bundle sheath of the outer vascular bundle is highly developed. It has been found to be extended in some strains. The extended sclerenchyma may form forcep-like protrusions or may encircle the air spaces partly. The extension of the bundle sheath is conspicuous at the basal internodes. The protoxylem lacuna has commonly been observed in the inner and sometimes in the out bundles. Large air spaces are present in the loose ground tissue.

Keywords: Rice, Water

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To investigate the vascular and extravascular mechanical tissues and air spaces in different strains of the deep water rice.

Methodology:

Five deep water strains of rice, locally known as Kalampasha, Gudaman, Mediaman, Gangbazail and Orirai. were used for the present investigation. They were collected from the low lying area, adjacent to the Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. They were grown without application of any manure and fertilizer. The materials were collected at both vegetative and reproductive phases. Immediately after collection the materials were either fixed and preserved in Craf 3 or made free hand sections. For paraffin embedding, specimens approximately 5 mm in length, were taken from the upper (about 1 cm below the upper node), lower (about 1 cm above the lower node) and middle (midway between the lower and upper nodes) of the internode. For hand sections, however, the entire internodes were fixed. In each case three internodes were investigated. For convenience these were termed as the first internode, second internode and upper internode. Apparently first elongated internode at the base, the internode just above it and the internode immediately below the flag leaf were considered as the first internode, second internode and upper internode respectively. With the fresh and fixed materials free hand cross sections were made using sharp blades. The sections were made at the upper, lower and middle part of the internode. These were stained in safranin and mounted in 50% glycerine. The slides, thus prepared, were observed under the Iight microscope. For paraffin method of microtechnique the materials, fixed in Craf 3, were dehydrated: through an ethyl alcohol and xylene series. The materials were infiltrated with paraffin oil and low-melting-point paraffin wax (52°C) for 48-72 hours. The materials were than embedded in a highmelting-point paraffin (60°C). Serial cross sections were made at 10 micron through a rotary microtome. The sections were stained in safranin and fast green and mounted in Canada balsam as suggested by Johansen (1940). Permanent slides, thus prepared, were studied under the light microscope.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Aqriculture, Vo- 3, N0-1, Pag:291-298,June-1978

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The protoxylem lacuna has been found in all inner and some outer vascular bundles . It is formed due to the dissolusion or disorganization of wood parenchyma and protoxylem tracheary elements. Remnants of the vessel have, frequently, been observed. Sometimes intact vessels have been found in the protoxylem lacuna of the outer bundle. Similar results have been reported for rice. Air spaces have been found in all the strains investigated. The shape, size and dimension of the air spaces are quite variable. They are larger at the second internode 1 ha n at the first internode or the upper internode. In Kala- mpasha, Gudaman, Mediaman and Gangbazail the air spaces are alternately arranged with the outer bundles . In Oriraj the air spaces have been found at the centre of the rectangle formed by the four bundles, two outer and two inner. In the ground tissue the abaxial parenchymatous cells are smaller and more compact than the adaxial parenchyma. The pith is hollow and large. It occupies the major part of the culm. The cells lining the margin of the hollow pith are tangentially elongated.

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