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Design, Development and Test of a Paddy-wheat Power Thresher

MHU Sarkar
Senior Scientific Officer
FMPHT Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701.

MA Quasem
Senior Scientific Officer
FMPHT Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701.

MA Haq
Senior Scientific Officer
Workshop Macinery and Maintenance Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A power thresher was developed for wheat and rice. A 6.5 hp diesel engine was used for the thresher. The threshing capacities for wheat and rice were 205 kg/hr respectively when operated by two persons. The capacity for wheat threshing is satisfactory. But, the capacity for rice was still lower than expected. The threshing efficiency for wheat and rice were 98.5% and 97.5% respectively. The grain damage was less than 2% for both the crops. The price is comparatively low as a power thresher.

Keywords: Power thresher, Paddy, Wheat, Performance

Location: Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Farm Mechanization

Commodity: Thresher

Objectives:

To develop a power thresher for threshing paddy and wheat

Methodology:

Materials and method

The machine consisted of five main components, viz., the body or the frame, power source, the transmission assembly, the threshing drum and the concave. Mild steel sheets, plates and bars had been used in the construction. The joints of the different parts were mainly provided with welding and few were bolted. There were some other parts and fittings such as feeding tray, feed inlet, delivery outlet, chopper bar, drum cover etc. The chopper bars were located along the lower edge of the delivery opening in a row.Operational feature: Wheat straw was fed by hand with heads first through the feed inlet. The beater bars of the rotating drum carried them through between the drum, the concave and the drum-cover. Here the wheat grains were stripped off from the ears and falls below the thresher through the concave wire-mesh openings. The majority of the grains were threshed during the initial impact but further threshing was performed by rubbing action between the concave and the drum while the material moved radially with the drum. The straw was chopped by the chopper bar into small pieces. The short pieces of chaff fell were manually separated from chaffs. Throw in type is adapted for wheat threshing and hold on type for rice threshing.

The Test: The thresher was first tested in the laboratory and then in the farmers’ field at Sreepur. The machine was powered by a 6.5 hp diesel engine. The test data are summarized for wheat and rice.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Rice Journal, Vol. 3(1&2), pp 6-10, 1992 (January-December)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The thresher is spike-tooth type with beater bars on the threshing cylinder. It is of multi crop potentiality and can thresh wheat and paddy efficiently. The test showed that the design was satisfactory. The percentage of unthreshed grain is nearly zero.The capacity of the thresher for wheat was 205 kg/hr. The average capacity obtained here (27.5 kWh/ton) was comparable in terms of kWh/t to ISL standard (24 kWh/ton) for capacity-power requirement for power thresher (Alam, 1988). However the threshing capacity for rice was 160 kg/hr which was slightly lower than the expected capacity for that particular power of the engine. The adapted Indian threshers for wheat costing Tk.5000 and 8000 in Kushtia region have capacities of 75 kg/hr and 110 kg/hr respectively (excluding engine cost).It weighs about 115 kgs (without engine) and costs about Tk.6500 per unit (without engine). Both the cost and the weight may increase due to the addition of blower and chute assembly in future. The fuel consumption was also low (0.8 lit/hr). The grain damage was within acceptable range (2%). The threshing efficiency is good for both wheat and paddy.

Knowledge Management: Journal