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Rice Diversity Evaluation Through Participatory Variety Selection in South West Bangladesh

MS Ahmed,
Scientific Officer,
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, BRRI, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

Khaleda Akter,
Scientific Officer,
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, BRRI, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

MRA Sarker,
Scientific Officer,
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, BRRI, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

Dr. MK Bashar,
Principal Scientific Officer,
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, BRRI, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

Mohammad Khalequzzaman,
Senior Scientific Officer,
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, BRRI, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Selection of sustainable variety(s), a genetic divergence study was carried out with eighty seven Arnan rice germplasm collected from South West of Bangladesh under transplanted condition during Aman season, 2002. The germplasms were grouped into five (5) clusters with a wide range of intra (1.62 for cluster I to 7.83 for cluster IV) and inter cluster (2.54 between cluster IV & V to 8.07 between cluster I & II) distances, which indicated similarities within the germplasms of different clusters since most of them were traditional. The lower values in clusters I (1.62) and III (4.66) were clubbed all traditional varieties collected from the same area in these clusters. The highest intra cluster value (7.83) was observed in cluster IV due to the presence of both modern and traditional varieties. Mean performance of different clusters for the characters studied revealed that moderate to high plant stature, moderate duration, higher 1000 grain weight and comparatively higher yielding varieties were clubbed into clusters III, IV and V whereas clusters I & II included low to moderate plant stature, lower 1000 grain weight and lower Yield. The potential contributors to genetic divergence among the genotypes were the plant height, panicle/hill, spikelet panicle, flag leaf area and yield/hill. Among the collected germplasm, five varieties, namely BR23, BRRI dhan40, Jotabalam, Shobrimaloty and Horishankar were ranked 1 to 5, respectively, by the farmers through Participatory Variety Selection method in field days. It was observed that the variety ranking was not depended only on yield. Jotabalam, Shobrirnaloty and Horishankar though having lower yield but due to other importance like higher straw, less production cost and suitable for cultivation in deep water were ranked as 3, 4 and 5, respectively. Therefore, on-farm conservation can be used to manage diversity loss, especially in diverse ecosystem where the crop diversity and farmers preference is high.

Keywords: Rice diversity, Participatory Variety Selection (PVS) and SW

Location: BRRI Regional Station, Satkhira and the farmers field of four South West districts of Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2002

End Date: 00-00-2002

Program Area: Conservation and Biodiversity

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To evaluate diversity and select suitable varieties through PVS method for increasing the productivity of resource poor farmers in South West of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Eighty seven Aman rice germplasm collected from four South West districts of Bangladesh were grown in a randomized block design with three replications under transplanted condition during T. Aman 2002 season at BRRI, Gazipur. The experiment was setup using one row of’ 5.4m long each per entry and single seedling per hill with a spacing of 25X20 cm between rows and plants, respectively. Fertilizer was applied @ 60:60:40 kg NPK/ha. Control measures for insects, diseases and weed were taken when necessary. Observations were recorded from 10 randomly selected plants in each entry for plant height (cm), days to maturity, panicle/hill, panicle length (cm), spikelet/panicle, flag leaf area (cm²), grain length (mm), grain breadth (mm), 1000 grain weight (g) and yield/hill (g).Mahalonobiss (1936) generalized distance (D²) extended by Rao (1952) was used to group the varieties based on their agronomic and yield contributing characters. Based on farmers preference ranking, nine T. Aman modern and local varieties with one standard check (BRRI dhan40) were selected from 116 collected Aman rice for PVS Baby and Mother trials. Seven Mother trials with one on-station trial at BRRI Regional Station, Satkhira and 88 Baby trials were conducted at the farmers field of four South West districts of Bangladesh under six ecosystem namely fresh water (water logged), brackish water (water logged), tidal flooded (brackish), brackish water and saline water during T. Aman 2002. Mother trials were small and managed and supervised by the researchers. The yield was measured and farmer’s perception was collected by matrix ranking. The plot size of Baby trials was large and yield was not measured which were managed and supervised by the farmers themselves.

Source of Information: Ahmed, MS, MK Bashar, M Khalequzzaman, MRA Sarker and Khaleda Akter. 2004. Rice diversity evaluation through participatory variety selection in Southwest of Bangladesh. Bangladesh J. Progr. Sci. & Tech., 2(1): 39-42.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The ANOVA showed significant differences among genotypes for all the characters studied. The principal component analysis showed the first two components accounted for 87% of the total variation.Clustering pattern showed that maximum number of germplasms (25) was included in cluster V and cluster I included the minimum (5). The range of intra (1.62 for cluster I to 7.83 for cluster IV) and inter cluster (2.54 between cluster IV & V to 8.07 between cluster I & II) distances were substantially high. Mean performance revealed that moderate to high plant stature (cm), moderate to low duration, higher 1000 grain weight (g) and relatively higher yielding varieties were clubbed into cluster III, IV and V, whereas cluster I and II included low to moderate plant stature (cm), lower 1000-grain weight (g) and lower yield. Cluster I showed maximum spikelet per panicle.Five varieties (BR23, BRRI dhan40, Jotahalam, Shobrimaloty and Horishankar) were ranked 1 to 5, in six locations by farmers through PVS. Jotabalam, Shobrimaloty and Horishankar due to higher straw, low production cost and suitable for cultivation in deep water were ranked as 3, 4 and 5. But, BR11 ranked 6. Therefore, the variety ranking was different from location to location and yield was not the only criterion for variety selection.

Knowledge Management: Journal