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Screening of Some Bangladesh Cultivars of Rice for Their Consumers' Preference and Nutritional Characteristics.

M. R. I. Khan
Scientific Officer
Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh.

A. K. Kaul
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council. Farmgate, Dhaka.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Large variation for the physicochemical and histo-chemical properties were found in the grains of sixty varieties of rice of Bangladesh. Red pericarped varieties. which are popular for their taste had high amylose. Normaly rice varieties had 17.6 to 32.8% amylose. Where as the only waxy variety Binni retained 5.5% amylose. The protein content ranged from 6.1 to 12.8%. the mean being 8.5%. The local Boro varieties had higher protein content than the high yielding and other local varieties. The Dye-binding capacity values for Boro varieties also indicate better protein quality in them. The popular rice varieties like Biroi, Nizersail. Chikon. Ragusail ctc. showed low nutritional value because of low protein content in them. Protein content in rice was found to be negatively correlated with the amylose content. The DBe technique was found to be more rapid. less expensive and more reproductive than Kjeldahl determination. The high protein varieties like Boiragi. Badshabhog. Hbj. B VI and Tepi- boro had high microscope section score as well as high lysine and tryptophan content which indicates that these varieties can be used as good donors in a breeding program.

Keywords: Rice, Consumers' preference, Nutritional characteristics

Location: Dacca, Mymensingh, Bogra, Patuakhali, Barisal, Rajshahi, and Sylhet district, Bangladesh.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To estimate the consumers' preference characteristics and nutritional characteristics of rice judged by laboratory tests.

Methodology:

The grain samples were stored at room temperature in sealed glass bottles. Rough rice samples were cleaned and dehulled by a Sa take grain mill before grinding to 60 mesh powder in a Wiley mill. Moisture content was determined, employing the air-oven method (AOAC, 1955) and all values are reported at 10% constant moisture basis. Rice grains were visually classified for their seed coat color into four classes white, cream, amber and red. Grains were visually scored for the presence or absence of white core, white belly, translucency and opaqueness. Length/breadth ratio; size and shape: Grains were classified for their shape and size. Thousand Kernel Weight (TKW) and hulling recovery: 500 grain from each sample were in triplicate and the mean weight was doubled to represent TKW. Hulling recovery was determined by weighing 200 grains of rough rice and the, same number of brown rice to get the following index. 200 grains of brown rice Hulling recovery% = x 1 00 200 grains of rough rice Amylose content was determined by the rapid colorirnetric method employing the procedure outlined by Williams et et. (1970). Potato amylose (E. Merck) was used to plot the stands rd curve. 5. Alkali digestion test : I Alkali digestion test was performed. 'The concentration of KOH used was however 2.1 % instead of 1,7% used. Sakalpuri and Binni were used as standard since they had the lowest and highest readings on the 7 point alkali spreading scale respectively. Protein content was determined by the macrokjeldahl procedure (AOAC, 1955) with minor alterations in the amount of chemical used. The N% was multiplied by factor 5,95 to compute the crude protein content in the rice samples. 7, Dye-binding capacity ( DBC) technique: The procedure of macro dye-bindinq capacity outlined was used to estimate the protein quality. The procedure is as follows: 200 mg of ground (60 mesh) rice samples were taken in duplicate in 25 ml. capacity airtight bottles. Two glass beads and 20 ml. of Acilane Organge dye were added to each bottle. The bottles in lots of 48 were shaken simultaneously for 1 hour. About 10 ml of the reacted dye was centrifuged in lots of 48 at 3500 rpm for 10 minutes. 0.5 ml of the supernatant unabsorbed dye was diluted to 100 ml and its absorption was read at 470 nm in a Beckman spectrophotometer. DBC value was obtained by substracting the absorption figures from the standard value (i.e. the absorption value of 0.5 ml of the unreached dye diluted to 100 mI O. 368 at 470 nm in a Beckman spectrophotometer). For convenience of calculation figures were multiplied by 100. Protein content was also determined using the Udy protein analyzer (Udy. 1956 ); Protein index value was calculated by the formula suggested. Hera DBC value calculated on equal N basis was used as protein index (as an indication of protein quality). The protein index value was computed as follows: Protein index (PI)= (DBe absorbance units x 100) / Protein content (%). A microscope screening technique was simplified and used to determine the distribution of protein in the rice grain. Grains were soaked in distilled water for 4-5 hours. 14th thick sections were cut using a sliding microtome. Several sections from the middle portion of the grain were placed in 0.5% aqueous solution of Bromophenol blue for 1 minute, washed free of excess dye, dehydrated through an ascending alcohol series and mounted in euparol. The section score for protein distribution in the rice grain was quantified using the following formula. Section score= Ex 100 / a. where b=stained area a=radius of the Kernel. Total amino acid content of four local rice varieties was determined using an automated Beckman (R) amino acid analyzer at the National Institute of animal Science, Copenhegan, Denmark, through the kind courtesy of Dr. B.O. Eggum. 12. Statistical analysis of the data: The raw data were analyzed statistically employing the procedures outlined. The IBM Computer-1620, available at the Atomic Energy Centre, Dacca, was used.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Agriculture Vol. 7 No. 3-4, Sep. &. Dec. 1982

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

As was found by other workers the significant high correlation between DBe value and protein content indicates the value of DBC technique as an index of protein content. Recently the concept of Protein index value has been introduced as a parameter of protein quality. The correlation of protein index with protein content and DBC value indicates that protein quality will fall if selection is made for high protein content. But if DBC value were used as a primary index of protein, the quality may not be so affected. The development of suitable methods for determining protein quality is essential in any breeding programme. Selection of lines with deep seated protein would help conserve the valuable protein. Now that the microscopic screening test is available, it should be possible to select superior genotypes. A breeder can effectively handle upto 30 analysis in one working day.

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