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Safe Yield of Ground Water from the Khowai River Valley and Its Use in Crop Production.

Dr. Md. Sazzad Hossain
Assistant Professor
Department of Geology, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Khowai river valley located in the eastern part of Bangladesh between Raghunandan-and Tarap hills of Sylhet district is a potential agricultural region of the country. The annual safe yield of ground water of the valley has been assessed in view of the water requirements of crops. The estimated safe yield of ground water is approximately 73.500 acre-feet. With properly planned irrigation system a total of 29,925 acres of land can be brought under irrigated agriculture with the ground water.

Keywords: Ground water, River velly, Crop production, Deep tubewells

Location: Dhaka, Babgladesh.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Groundwater

Objectives:

To determine the safe yield of ground water from the Khowai river valley and to maximise crop production by meeting the water requirement of crops.

Methodology:

The Khowai river valley is located on the North eastern part of the country and lies between 24⁰.8', North latitude and 91⁰.14' and 91⁰-36' East longitude. The Area has an average altitude of 58' (P.W.D). The average annual rainfall is 91" and mean annual maximum and minimum temperatures are 87.5°F and 65.5°F respectively. The valley is triangular in shape whose elongated base lies from South to North and is surrounded by hills on the East and West. These hills have an average altitude of 150' (P.W.D.). There are about 395 villages in the study area. The total cultivable area is 44,500 acres of which about 34,500 acres only are annually cultivated. The main crops in the valley are T. Aus, T. Aman, B. Aus, sugarcane, oil seeds, tobacco, winter vegetables, pulses and tea. Sources of water for irrigating the valley floor include surface water sources of the Khowai, the Karangi and the Sutang rivers and exploitable ground water resources. Ground water potential and water budgeting. For calculation of annual ground water supply in the basin, the general water balance equation P=E+R+I was used, where P= the average annual rainfall in inches over the entire catchment; E= the average evapotranspiration or consumptive use for a given period in the catchment; R= the average annual run-off in inches from the catchment; and I = the infiltration in the catchment or annual recharge in inches in the basin. By using the equation the value of I stands at 2" and the total amount of water added to ground water table is 73,500 acre-feet. The water requirements of the Khowai river valley are largely associated with the irrigation requirements of mops. The present cropping pattern of the area is mainly rice-based transplanted aman being the major rice grown. Other minor crops, e. g. rabi crops, sugarcane etc. occupy minor proportion of the cultivated acreage. In calculating the total irrigation water requirements of the valley, the proposed combination of crops have been consider. The amount of water required for the suggested cropping pattern in the Khowai river valley.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Agriculture Vol. 7 No. 3-4, Sep. & Dec. 1982

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the facts cited in the study it is clear that ground water utilization for crop production purposes could bring a radical change in economy of the farmers of the area. Likewise improper utilization may reduce the cropping area. Furthermore, excess withdrawal may cause depletion of the ground water table for which both shallow and deep tube wells might be in effective. Thus a proper planning of water utilization is a must to must to increase the cropping intensity of the area.

Knowledge Management: Journal