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Response of Sesame to Varying Levels of Management Practices

M. S. Alom
Scientific Officer (Agronomy)
Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Jessore 7400

S. Hossain
Scientific Officer (Training & Communication)
BARI Joydebpur, Gazipur, Gazipur 1701

A. B. Salahuddin
Chief Scientific Officer
Agronomy Division, BARI Joydebpur, Gazipur, Gazipur 1701

M. Biswas
Senior Scientific Officer
Agronomy Division, BARI Joydebpur, Gazipur, Gazipur 1701

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted at the Regional Agricultural Research Station, Jessore to find out management practices suitable to boost up the seed yield of sesame under rainfed condition during Kharif 1993 and 1995. The treatments included in the experiment were method of sowing (broadcast and line) and management practices (without post-sowing care, hand weeding at 20 days after emergence, fertilizer application and fertilizer and hand weeding at 20 days after emergence). At harvest weed population and weed dry matter per unit area were significantly higher in unweeded plots compared to that in weeded plots. Cyperus rotundus L. ranked first occupying 82.6% of the total weed vegetation. However, broadcast and line sowing did not influence the weed yield of sesame. On pooled basis, the seed yield significantly the highest (1287 kg/ha) in the treatment where both fertilizer application and hand weeding were done irrespective of line and broadcast sowing. Considerably lower seed yields (876 to 1030 kg/ha) were recorded in the treatments where no weeding was done and no fertilizer was applied. Removal of weeds and application of fertilizer enhanced the number of capsules per plant and dry matter production resulting higher seed yield in sesame.

Keywords: Sesame, Management practices, Fertilizer

Location: Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Jessore

Start Date: 01-04-1993

End Date: 30-04-1995

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Sesame

Objectives:

To evaluate the yield level of sesame under different management levels in broadcast and line sown condition.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Jessore during the period from March to June in 1993 and 1995 under rainfed condition. The total rainfed received during the cropping period were 463mm and 167mm in 1993 and 1995, respectively. The soil of the experiment plot belongs to Calcareous Brown Floodplain. Design of the experiment was randomized complete block design with 4 replications having a unit plot size of 4m × 3m, the treatments included in the experiment were: sowing methods (broadcast sowing and line sowing) and management levels (without post-sowing care, hand weeding at 20 days after emergence, fertilizer application and fertilizer and hand weeding at 20 days after emergence). Fertilizers were applied @ 18-55-28-20 kg/ha of NPK and S in the form of urea, TSP, MP and gypsum, respectively,as basal during final land preparation in the respective treatments. Another 18 kg N was topdressed before flowering. Seeds of sesame variety T₆ were sown @ 8 kg/ha on 20 and 19 February during 1993 and 1995, respectively. In the case of line sowing methods, seeds were sown at 30 cm apart row. Hand picking was done to control hawk moth caterpillar in all treatments during both the years. Number of weeds of different species were counted in both weeded and unweeded plots during weeding and at harvest. To measure the weed biomass, the weed sample were sun-dried and then oven-dried at 80 count was taken from two randomly selected 0.05m² area in each plot. Plant population of sesame per square meter was also counted at harvest from each plot. Plant height, number of siliqua/plant, number of branches/plant, seeds/capsule and 1000-sesame weight were recorded from 20 randomly selected plants of sesame in each treatment. Seed yield and dry matter were recorded from an area of 3m × 2m. Crop was harvested on 7 and 14 June in 1993 and 1995, respectively. Data were subjected to average over two years and then it was analyzed statistically and mean comparison was accomplished by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT).

Source of Information: BANGLADESH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, VOL-24(2), PP.335-341, JUNE 1999, ISSN 0258-7122.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The above results indicated that the treatment of hand weeding at 20 DAE along with fertilizer application irrespective of line and broadcast sowing recorded the highest seed yield due to reduced crop-weed competition and also due to supply of sufficient nutrients which favourably influenced yield components and higher dry matter production by sesame.

Knowledge Management: Journal