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Determination of Pyrethroid and Organophosphorus Insecticide Residue in Brinjal Samples Collected from Some Selected Regions of Bangladesh

M. S. AHMED
Senior Scientific Officer
Entomology Division, BARI, Gazipur

K. H. KABIR
Chief Scientific Officer
Entomology Division, BARI, Gazipur

M. AHMAD
professor
Department of Entomology, BAU, Mymensingh

M. A. SARDAR
Professor
Department of Entomology, BAU, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study was carried out in the pesticide analytical laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur during 2008-2009 seasons for the determination of residue level of Synthetic Pyrethroid (Cypermethrin) and Organophosphorus (viz. Quinalphos, Diazinon, Malathion, Fenitrothion and Acephate) insecticides in environmental brinjal samples using suitable protocols developed for GC-FTD and GC-ECD. Out of the analyzed 75 collected samples of brinjal from farmers field of Jessore, Gazipur and Rangpur, 38.67% were found to be contaminated with the insecticides. Most of the samples contained Cypermethrin, Acephate and Fenitrothion residues. Quinalphos, Acephate and Fenitrothion were found as multiple residue products representing 10.35% of the total contaminated samples and the rest 89.65% contained single insecticide residue. About 44.83% of the contaminated samples had residue above MRL (Maximum Residue Limit) irrespective of single or multiple residues. Malathion residue was found only in one sample from Gazipur. Diazinon was detected in few samples from all of the locations. The detected residue levels of both Malathion and Diazinon were below the MRL, which might be due to higher rate of degradation.

Keywords: Insecticide, Residue, Degradation, Brinjal

Location: Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2008

End Date: 00-00-2009

Program Area: Food Safety and Security

Commodity: Brinjal

Objectives:

To determine and document the insecticide residue level in environmental brinjal samples.

Methodology:

The study was conducted in the pesticide analytical laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur during 2008-2009 seasons. The details of materials and methods : Chemicals used in insecticide analysis: In the analysis of the insecticides, different types of chemicals were used. Those were: Acetone, n-hexane, Cyclohexane, Methanol, Acetonitrile, Silica gel 60, Sodium sulphate and insecticide standards. All the chemicals and standards for Synthetic Pyrethroid (cypermethrin) and Organophosphorus (viz. quinalphos, diazinon, malathion, fenitrothion and acephate) insecticide were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Laborchemikalien, Gmbh P. O. Box-100262, D-30918, Seelze, Germany via Bangladesh Scientific Pvt. Ltd. Dhaka, Bangladesh. Collection of brinjal samples from farmers field: A total of seventy five samples of brinjal were collected from farmers field of three different locations such as Jessore, Gazipur and Rangpur. The size of the sample of brinjal was 1kg. Field collected samples were stored in "Chilled box" and carried to the laboratory at the quickest time. Extraction, separation and cleanup of brinjal samples: Collected samples (250g) were ground thoroughly with the meat grinder (Handmixer M-122, Bamix, Switzerland) or chopped by knife and mixed well. A sub sample of 20g was taken into a wide mouth jar, then 100ml of hexane was added to it. Sodium Sulphate (Na2SO4) was also added with sample until water was removed from the sample. The mixture was then macerated with high-speed homogenizer (Ultra-turrax, IKA T18 basic, Germany) for 2 minutes. The homogenized material was then poured into 250 ml conical flask and placed into the shaker (Refrigerated Shaker, Rexmed, Sweden) for 12 hrs continuous shaking. The slurry was then filtered through Whatman filter paper no.40 and a Buchner funnels with suction. The flask and filter cakes were rinsed with 25ml of hexane each. Before injection, this volume was again cleaned up by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) filter which was ready for injection. Detection and quantification of insecticide residue in brinjal samples: The concentrated extracts were subjected to analysis by GC-2010 (Shimadzu). Flame Thirmionic Detector (FTD) was used for the detection of Quinalphos, Diazinon, Malathion, Fenitrothion and Acephate and Electron Capture Detector (ECD) for Cypermethrin.

Residue in sample (ppm)

Conc. obtained in injected volume (ppm) × Quantity of final volume (L)

= ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Amount of sample taken (kg)

Source of Information: Bangladesh j. entomol. (2013) 23(1),39-51

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Brinjal from farmers field of Jessore, Gazipur and Rangpur, 38.67% were found to be contaminated with the insecticides. Most of the samples contained Cypermethrin, Acephate and Fenitrothion residues. Quinalphos, Acephate and Fenitrothion were found as multiple residue products representing 10.35% of the total contaminated samples and the rest 89.65% contained single insecticide residue. About 44.83% of the contaminated samples had residue above MRL (Maximum Residue Limit) irrespective of single or multiple residues. Malathion residue was found only in one sample from Gazipur. Diazinon was detected in few samples from all of the locations. The detected residue levels of both Malathion and Diazinon were below the MRL

Knowledge Management: Journal