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Genetic Diversity in Bitter Gourd

A.K.M. Quamruzzaman
Horticultural Research Centre, BARI, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

M. Mashiur Rahman
Horticultural Research Centre, BARI, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

A. K. M. M. Alam
Plant Breeding Division, BARI, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

M. M. Ali
Oilseed Research Centre, BARI, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

M. A. Rashid
Horticultural Research Centre

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Estimated using D² and principal component analysis. The genotypes were grouped into five clusters. The clustering pattern of the genotypes showed high degree of genetic diversity. The intra cluster distance was maximum in cluster I and minimum in IV. Cluster III comprises the maximum number of genotypes followed by the cluster 11. Inter cluster distance between I and V was maximum. The cluster mean of days to first harvest in cluster II was maximum and lowest in cluster V. The genotypes of these clusters can be exploited for developing early variety. The role of fruit yield per plant and fruit number per plant in both the vectors was found to be more prominent towards genetic divergence.

Keywords: Genetic diversity, Bitter gourd, Cluster, Genetic divergence

Location: Experimental field of HRC, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2001

End Date: 00-00-2001

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Bitter gourd

Objectives:

To study the genetic diversity in bitter gourd, select genetically diverse parents for hybridization and quantify genetic variability in 32 studied bitter gourd germplasm

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the experimental field of Olericulture Division, Horticultural Research Centre (HRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur during the summer season of 2001. The seeds of thirty-three genotypes of bitter gourd were sown on the poly bag on 20 February 2001. Twenty days old seedlings were transplanted in the main field on 10 March 200l. The experiment was laid out in a RCB design with three replications. The unit plot size was 10m x 1.0 m and 10 plants were accommodated in a plot with a plant spacing: 1.0 m apart in single row maintaining a row to row distance of 1.3 m. The land was fertilized with cowdung, urea, TSP, MP, gypsum, zinc and borax @ 15,000, 180, 180 150, 100, 12, and 10 kg/ha, respectively. One third of the cowdung and half of TSF and full of gypsum, zinc and borax are to be applied during final land preparation Rest of cowdung and TSP and 1/3rd of MP were applied as basal in pit. Each of urea and MP @ 50 kg/ha was applied after 20 days of transplanting. After that, rest of urea and MP in 3 and 2 equal installments, respectively, were applied at 20 days interval. The intercultural operations (weeding, irrigation, insecticide spray, etc. were done as and when necessary. Data on days to first harvest, fruit length, fruit diameter, individual fruit weight, fruit number per plant, flesh thickness and fruit yield per plant were recorded from five randomly selected plants per entry per replication Genetic diversity was studied following Mahalanobis's ( 1936) generalized distance analysis (D²) extended by Rao (1952). Statistical analysis was done using GENSTAT-5 programrne.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 33(1): 129-134, (March, 2008)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Based on principal component axes I and II revealed that apparently there were mainly five clusters. Distantly located genotypes of different clusters were I (BT296-1, BT297-3, 137298-1, BT299-3, BT313-6) and V (BT319-1, BT322-1). Pattern of distribution of genotypes in the scattered diagram revealed that considerable variability exist in the germplasm.

Knowledge Management: Journal