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Effect of Population Density on Growth, Yield and Yield Attributes of Soybean

Dr. M. A. Malek
Principal Scientific Officer
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. Monjurul Alam Mondal, PhD
Principal Scientific Officer
Crop Physiology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. Shafiquzzaman
MS Student
Dept Crop Bot., Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of plant density on morpho-physiological characters, yield attributes and yield of soybean cv. Shohag. The experiment comprised five population densities viz., 100, 50, 35, 25 and 20 plants m^-2 whose spacing were maintained at 20 cm × 5 cm, 20 cm × 10 cm, 20 cm × 15 cm, 20 cm × 20 cm and 20 cm × 25 cm, respectively. The plant height increased with increasing plant density while branch number plant^-1, root length, root dry weight, nodules number plant^-1, leaves number plant^-1, total dry mass plant^-1, crop growth rate, relative growth rate, yield contributing characters such as number of pods plant^-1, seeds pod^-1, seeds plant^-1 and seed weight plant^-1 decreased with increasing plant density. The higher number of branches, nodules, leaves and pods plant^-1, seeds pod^-1 and seed yield plant^-1 were recorded at the density of 20 and 25 plants m^-2and the lowest of the above parameters was observed at the density of 100 plants m^-2. But per unit area basis, the highest seed yield was recorded in the density of 50 plants m^-2 and the lowest was recorded in the population density of 20 plants m^-2.

Keywords: Soybean, Row spacing, Yield.

Location: Research farm, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh

Start Date: 12-12-2008

End Date: 19-03-2009

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Soybean

Objectives:

To evaluate the effect of different plant spacing on the performance of soybean; and to find out optimum plant density for maximizing seed yield in soybean cv. Shohag.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out at the Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh during the period from December 2007 to March 2008. The soybean variety, Shohag was taken as test crop. The experiment comprised five population densities such as 100, 50, 35, 25 and 20 plants m^-2. For this, row to row distance was 20 cm and plant to plant distances were maintained of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 cm. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The doses of fertilizers were: urea 50, TSP 150, MP 80 and gypsum 70 kg ha^-1(BARC, 2005). Before sowing, biofertilizer was mixed thoroughly with the seeds. Different intercultural operations were done as and when necessary. To study ontogenetic growth characteristics, a total of seven harvests were made and at final harvest, data were collected on some morpho-physiological, yield attributes and yield. The first crop sampling was done at 45 DAS and continued at an interval of 7 days up to 94 DAS. From each plot five plants were randomly selected and uprooted for obtaining data of necessary parameters. The plants were separated into leaves, stems and roots and the corresponding dry weights were recorded after oven dry at 80 ± 2 ⁰C for 72 hours. The leaf area of each sample was measured by LICOR automatic leaf area meter. The growth analysis like absolute growth rate and relative growth rate were carried out following the formulae of Hunt (1978). At harvest, some plant parameters were recorded from 10 plants of each plot. The collected data were analyzed statistically and the means were adjudged by DMRT.

Source of Information: Journal, Legume Res., 35 (2): 138 - 143, 2012

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Plant density had significant influenced on morpho-physiological characters and yield in soybean. The plants of wider spacing had superiority for plant growth, yield components and yield plant^-1 over closer spacing ones since closer spacing plants produced higher seed yield per unit area than wider ones; and the density of 50 plants m^-2 performed the best in yield performance of soybean cv. Shohag under Mymensingh environmental condition.

Knowledge Management: Journal