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Performance of Manually Operated Mustard Oil Mill Used in Nepal

D. S. Shrestha
Graduate student
Department of Farm Power and Machinery, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

J. Tiwari
Graduate student
Department of Farm Power and Machinery, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

M. D. Hussain
Professor
Department of Farm Power and Machinery, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

M. A. Zaman
Professor
Department of Farm Power and Machinery, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

M. Ahiduzzaman
Graduate student
Department of Farm Power and Machinery, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Manually operated mustard oil mill used in Nepal has been described in this paper. Operating procedure and force analysis have been done. The result obtained from force analysis is used to estimate the pressure exerted to crush the mustard seed. The oil extraction pattern under different operating conditions at different batch sizes is determined. 20 kg batch is found optimum and 69.16% of the total oil content is extracted. The pressure developed is only 1.36 MPa which is much less than the recommended value of 7.85 MPa. The efficiency of oil extraction can be increased mainly by increasing the pressure applied on the mustard seeds; increasing the arm length of the crossed beam and/or increasing the compression beam distance would give increased applied pressure. Some physical properties of mustard seed have been described.

Keywords: Oil mill, Mustard, Performance

Location:

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Postharvest and Agro-processing

Commodity: Performance evaluation

Objectives:

(1) To analyse the performance of Nepali oil mill,

(2) To analyse the force exerted on the mustard oil seeds for crushing, and

(3) To study the effect of batch size on the crushing efficiency and oil recovery.

Methodology:

Mustard seeds used in the study were collected from local market (local variety found in market), cleaned and ground by a disk grinder. The oil mill was tested separately with 18 kg, 20 kg and 23 kg batches to determine the effect of batch size on the oil extraction. The dimensions of the mill and other lengths were measured by a steel tape. The weight of mustard seed, oil collected, weight of the operator and other weights were measured by appropriate balances. The oil content of seeds were determined by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) method. The moisture content of seed was determined by heating the seeds for 6 hr at 130° C in an oven drier. The density of oil was measured using a density bottle. The pulling force required to rotate the crossed-beam wheel at idle condition was measured by a spring balance. the moment about O is M_o = mg [a + r.sin (α + 45^o)] ..... (1); where, Mo = rotating moment produced at the centre point 0, m = mass of the operator acting at the centre of gravity, g = acceleration due to gravity, a = horizontal distance of the operator’s cg from the handle of the wheel, r = effective length of the crossed beam, α = angle that AB makes with Y-axis. The helix angle, β can be expressed as β = tan^-1 [Screw lead / Mean circumference] .... (2); If Mf be the moment required to overcome the friction, axial force exerted on the beam by the screw is F = (M_o- Mf) / {Rs x tan (β +φ )} .... (3); where F = axial force exerted on the beam by the screw, Rs = mean radius of screw, φ = friction angle of the screw. Friction angle of the screw, φ = tan^-1 θ ..... (4); where θ = coefficient of friction of thread. Friction moment, M_f= F_o × r .... (5); where, Fo = force required to start the beam to rotate without load. The compressive force, C is C = F (1 + L) / 1 ..... (6); Compressive pressure, P is given by P' = C / area of leather bag ...... (7).

Source of Information: J. Agril. Mach. & Mech. 3 (1 & 2), 1996 : 129-133; ISSN 1024-6290

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the study it can be concluded that the 20 kg batch is optimum for maximum oil extraction. The pressure developed by the manual expeller is much lower than the recommended value. The efficiency of oil extraction can be increased mainly by increasing the pressure applied on the mustard seeds; this can be accomplished by increasing the arm length of the crossed beam and/or increasing the compression beam distance between the leather bag and the screw.

Knowledge Management: Journal