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Seed Health and Quality Test of Three Rice Varieties for the Detection of Fungi Associated with Seed Sample

Mansur Ahmed
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Chandra Kanta Dash
Department of Entomology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100

Kamrul Hassan
Department of Entomology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100

Mehbub Hossain
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was carried out at the Seed Pathology Centre (SPC) and MS Laboratory of the Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh during the period of August, 2008 to October, 2009 to detect the fungi associate with the seed samples and to record the germination of seed samples of Parshuram upazila of Feni district. Three rice varieties are collected for the studies were BR6, Pajam and Joya (Local) from Parshuram upazila of Feni district to determine the seed health and quality. For determining the seed health and quality, Dry inspection and blotter tests were performed. Apparently healthy seeds (61.50-78.00%), spotted seeds (6.15-12.90%), discoloured seeds (4.80-14.25%), deformed seeds (2.00-7.25%), varietal mixtures (2.20-9.80%) and chaffy grains (0.95-6.50%) were found among the three rice varieties. The germination of rice seeds of the variety BR6 was 54.67%, while the varieties joya and Pajam showed 58.00% germination respectively. Nine seed-borne fungi were detected from these seed samples. The identified fungi were Fusarium oxysporum, F. moniliforme, Bipolaris oryzae, Alternaria padwickii, Curvularia lunata, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium sp. and Nigrospora oryzae. Seeds of rice variety Joya and Pajam carried the lower infection of all the seed-borne fungi than the variety BR6.

Keywords: Seed Health and Quality, Dry Inspection, Identification of Fungi

Location: The experiment was carried out at the Seed Pathology Centre (SPC) and MS Laboratory of the Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh.

Start Date: 00-00-0000

End Date: 00-00-0000

Program Area: Seed Technology

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To detect the fungi associate with the seed samples of Parshuram upazila of Feni district and record the germination of seed samples.

Methodology:

Three rice varieties selected for the study were BR6, Pajam and Joya .The experiment was conducted following Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. A total of 36 rice seed samples were collected from farmers of Porshuram Upazila of Feni District. Twelve seed samples were collected from different part of the upazila for each rice variety. The samples were enclosed in paper bags with proper labeling, brought to the SPC laboratory and kept in the refrigerator at 5 ± 1°C until used for subsequent studies.

Dry Inspection of Seed Samples

400 seeds from each sample were visually inspected and graded into six categories. The categories were: (1) Apparently healthy seeds, (2) Spotted seeds, (3) Discoloured seeds, (4) Deformed seeds, (5) Varietal mixture and (6) Chaffy grain. Separation of different categories of seeds wasdone with unaided eyes. The different seed categories were expressed in percentage. 2.2 Detection of seed-borne fungi All the seed samples were assayed for the presence of fungal pathogens by the Standard Blotter Method following the rules of International Seed Testing Association.

Plating of seeds

To detect the seed-borne fungal pathogens associated with the seeds in seed samples the Blotter method was used by following international rules for seed testing (ISTA, 1976). In this method, three layers of blotting papers (Whatman No. 1) were soaked in sterile water and placed at the bottom of 9 cm diameter petridishes. Four hundred seeds from each sample were taken randomly and then placed on the moist filter paper at the rate of 25 seeds per plate. The petridishes with seeds were then incubated at 22 ± 2°C under 12/12 alternating, cycles of Near Ultra-Violet (NUV) light and darkness in the incubation room of the SPC, BAU, Mymensingh for seven days. Time to time watering was done to keep the filter paper moist. After incubation, the seeds were examined under the stereo-microscope for the presence of seed-borne fungi. Data were expressed in percentage. The rice variety of the particular sample showing highest incidence of seed-borne infection was selected for seed treatment.

Identification of fungi

Each individual seed was observed under stereo-microscope at X16 and X25 magnification in order to identify the seed-borne fungi. Most of the associated fungi were detected by observing their growth characters on the incubated seeds. Temporary slides were also prepared and observed under compound microscope for proper identification. The fungi were identified to species level, wherever possible. The results were presented as percent incidence for individual pathogen.

Statistical Analysis

The data collected from the experiment were analyzed for test of significance and compared the treatment means following Completely Randomized Design (CRD) by using Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% level of probability.

Source of Information: Universal Journal of Plant Science 1(2): 37-42, 2013

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.hrpub.org DOI: 10.13189/ujps.2013.010202

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results of this study indicate that there is a significance variation for seed health and quality among the three varieties of rice. The present findings will help the researchers for further investigations and ultimately our farmers to use healthy and quality seed.

Knowledge Management: Journal