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Effect of Different Organic Composts on Soil Fertility and Tomato Yield

M. M. Rahman
Department of Soil Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706,Bangladesh.

M. Sultana
Department of Soil Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706,Bangladesh.

G. K. M. M. Rahman
Department of Soil Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706,Bangladesh.

A. R. M. Solaiman
Department of Soil Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706,Bangladesh.

M. S. Alam
Department of Soil Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706,Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at the research farm of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Bangladesh during 2009 to 2010 using household waste (HW), palli compost (PC) and quick compost (QC) to quantify their effects on soil fertility improvement, recovery efficiencies (RE) of nutrients and producing tomato using 11 treatments laid out in a randomized complete block design. Except the control and recommended fertilizers, other treatments were comprised each with HW, PC and QC at the rate of 5, 10 and 20 t ha^-1 plus IPNS basis inorganic fertilizers. The maximum yields of tomato in HW and PC at the rate of 10 t ha^-1 were 84 and 90 t ha^-1, respectively. The RE of N, P and K revealed sufficient supply of nutrients from combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers. Organic matter, N, P and K contents in soils after tomato harvest indicated the fertility improvement of soils. It is evidenced that household waste compost has all the potentials as a soil conditioner and nutrient supplement for improving soil fertility and thereby crop productivity and hence its regular application is recommended to maintain and build up organic matter content in soils for sustainable agriculture.

Keywords: Compost, Tomato, Recovery efficiency

Location: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur, Bangladesh.

Start Date: 00-12-2009

End Date: 00-03-2010

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Tomato

Objectives:

To determine the potential of household waste compost, palli compost and quick compost on yield of tomato, recovery efficiencies of N, P and K and improvement of soil fertility.

Methodology:

A field experiment was conducted during December 2009 to March 2010 at the research farm of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur, Bangladesh. The site is located at 24.09° N latitude and 90.25° E longitudes with an elevation of 8.2 meter from sea level. The experimental area experiences a subtropical climate. It is characterized by comparatively high rainfall, high humidity, high temperature, relatively long day during April to September and scanty rainfall, low humidity, low temperature and short day period during October to March. The later period is favorable for tomato cultivation. The soil of the experimental site belongs to Salna series and has been classified as Shallow Red Brown Terrace soil in Bangladesh soil classification system, which falls under the order Inceptisols. This soil is under the agroecological zones of Madhupur Tract and characterized by clay within 50 cm from the surface and is acidic in nature. There were 11 treatments with three replication laid out in a randomized complete block design. Except the control and recommended fertilizers other treatments were comprised with each of household waste (HW), palli compost (PC) and quick compost (QC) at the rate of 5.0, 10.0 and 20.0 t/ha. The recommended doses of chemical fertilizers for tomato were calculated based on soil test results. Household wastes from BSMRAU campus was collected and sorted. Biodegradable and agriculturally usable portion of household waste was composted in pits for 4 months and then used for tomato cultivation. Palli compost was collected from the Rural Development Academy (RDA) Bogra. Quick compost was developed by the NGO, BRAC. According to the methodology provided by BRAC oil cake, rice husk and cow dung were mixed at the ratio of 1:2:4, respectively to prepare required amount of quick compost. Water was added to make the mixture moist, and then it was transferred in to a gunny bag and kept under the sun for three days. When the mixture became extremely hot the mixture clod was broken in to smaller particles. Water was added again just to make it moist and kept again under the sun and the process was continued up to 15 days, thus quick compost was produced, which was used in the experiment.

The land was ploughed two times by power tiller on November 2009. The land was finally prepared five days before planting. The individual plot size was 2 m x 1 m. The entire quantities of different composts were applied in the respective plots before final land preparation. The recommended doses of N, P and K for tomato based on soil test results were 112, 47 and 67 kg ha^-1, respectively. Half of urea and full amount of TSP and MP were applied and thoroughly mixed with soil three days prior to seedling transplantation. The remaining half of urea was applied in two splits first at 15 days and second at 30 days after transplanting as top dressing.Fruit yield of tomato was recorded as g plot^-1 and then extrapolated to t ha^-1. After harvesting of the crop soil samples were collected from each plot at 0-15 cm depth and were analyzed for pH, OM, N, P and K following standard. The crop plants including the roots were harvested from each plot and bundled separately and fresh weight of plants were recorded accordingly. The collected fruits and plants samples from each plot were dried in an oven at 65⁰C for about 24 hours. The plant samples were analyzed for N, P and K using standard. Nitrogen, P and K uptake was calculated and recovery efficiencies are documented.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Soil Science, Vol-37 (1), Pag: 25-34, 2015

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Except the control and recommended fertilizers, other treatments were comprised each with HW, PC and QC at the rate of 5, 10 and 20 t ha^-1 plus IPNS basis inorganic fertilizers. The maximum yields of tomato in HW and PC at the rate of 10 t ha^-1 were 84 and 90 t ha^-1, respectively. The RE of N, P and K revealed sufficient supply of nutrients from combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers. Organic matter, N, P and K contents in soils after tomato harvest indicated the fertility improvement of soils. It is evidenced that household waste compost has all the potentials as a soil conditioner and nutrient supplement for improving soil fertility and thereby crop productivity and hence its regular application is recommended to maintain and build up organic matter content in soils for sustainable agriculture.

Knowledge Management: Journal