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Impacts of Temperature, Relative Humidity and Total Number of Fruits on Cucurbit Fruit Fly Infestations Under Field Condition

MM Rahman
Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh- 2202, Bangladesh.

M Shahjahan
Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh- 2202, Bangladesh.

MM Uddin
Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh- 2202, Bangladesh.

T Sultana
Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh- 2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The research was carried out in the field laboratory of the Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University during April to July 2013 to correlate the temperature, relative humidity and number of fruits with the level of fruit infestations by cucurbit fruit fly, Bactrocerea cucubitae. Three cucurbitaceous vegetables namely bitter gourd (BARI Karola-1), ridge gourd (BARI Jhinga-1), and snake gourd (Local Chichinga) were taken as host crops. Percent fruit infestations were compared with the natural variation of temperature, relative humidity and number of fruits under field condition. Fruit infestations varied significantly with the variation of temperature, relative humidity and total number of fruits among three selected vegetables. Increasing of temperature had profound positive role in bitter gourd fruit infestation whereas negative relationship was found for ridge gourd infestation. However, statistically insignificant but positive effect of temperature was observed in snake gourd infestation. Fruit infestation of ridge gourd and snake gourd increased with the increase of relative humidity while negative relationship was observed in case of bitter gourd. Percent fruit infestations by cucurbit fruit fly were also found to be affected by total number of fruits. Positive but weak relationships were found between percent fruit infestations and total number of fruits of all three vegetables used in the experiments.

Keywords: Bitter gourd, Ridge gourd, Snake gourd, Cucurbit fruit fly, Infestation

Location: Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University

Start Date: 00-04-2013

End Date: 00-07-2013

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Vegetables

Objectives:

To find out the role of temperature, humidity and total number of fruit on fruit infestation by cucurbit fruit fly.

Methodology:

The experiments to correlate the temperature, relative humidity and number of fruits to the level of fruit infestations by cucurbit fruit fly (Bactrocera cucurbitae) were carried out in the field laboratory of Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University during the period from April to July 2013. To raise the seedlings and plants the land was ploughed and cross -ploughed for several times with a power tiller to obtain good tilth. All ploughing operations were followed by breaking up the clods. All weeds and stubbles were removed from the field and finally, the unit plots were prepared as 10 cm raised beds along with basal doses of recommended fertilizers. Total 9 plots with 1 pit in each were made for experiments. The size of the each plot was 4 feet by 6 feet. Quality seeds of three selected cucurbitaceous vegetables such as bitter gourd (BARI Karola - 1), ridge gourd ( BARI Jhinga -1) and snake gourd ( Local Chichinga 100 (TF) fruit total of Number (IF) fruit infested of Number ninfestatio fruit % × = ) were collected from Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur and from the local market of Mymensingh town. Seeds were soaked overnight for proper germination and sown in pits with three replications of each. Three seeds were sown in each pit and seedlings were thinned out leaving one healthy seedling per pit after 7 days of germination. Bamboo platform (macha) was made as a means of propping, allowing easy creeping and preventing the plant from lodging. All suitable horticultural practices were done for proper growth and development of the plants. Data on total fruits and infested fruits were collected at 5 days intervals started at 10 days after first flowering. The percentage of infested fruit was calculated by using the following formula: Data on weather parameters (temperature and relative humidity) were collected from the field using digital thermometer and hygrometer during the study periods. Effect of temperature and relative humidity were determined by comparing with percent fruit infe stations for three selected vegetables. Likewise, the impact of total number of fruits on the percent fruit infestations by cucurbit fruit fly were also analyzed statistically. Data were analyzed by MSTAT- C, Microsoft excel worksheet.

Source of Information: Progressive Agriculture 2 6 (1):1 -5, 2015, ISSN: 1017 - 8139

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

According to the data, 0.102%, 0.19% and 0.183% more fruit infestations were found in bitter gourd, ridge gourd and snake gourd respectively with the increase of one fruit.Therefore, there was positive relationship between the number of fruits and percent fruit infestations by cucurbit fruit fly under field conditions.

Knowledge Management: Journal