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Evaluation of Test Cross Hybrids of Popcorn for Yield and Popping Quality Through Line × Tester Method

Sumaiya Haque Omy
Scientific Officer
Plant Breeding Division, BARI, Gazipur

Shahnewaz Begum
Scientific Officer
Plant Breeding Division, BARI, Gazipur

Asgar Ahmed
Scientific Officer
Plant Breeding Division, BARI, Gazipur

Dr. Mohammad Amiruzzaman
Principal Scientific Officer
Plant Breeding Division, BARI, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A Line × Ttester analysis was conducted in popcorn involving 6 selected lines and 2 testers for grain yield, its components and popping quality to determine the general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects. Highly significant genotypic differences were observed indicated wide range of variability present among the genotypes. The inbred parents PCB/S₅-11 have been identified as the best general combiner due to their good combining ability effect for grain yield and popping quality and also their ability to transmit characters to their progenies for most of the characters. The crosses with high SCA effect for grain yield evolved from high × low general combiner parents were reveled additive × dominance type of gene action. The good combination crosses were PCB/S₅-3×T₁₇, PCB/S₅-4×T17, PCB/S₅-6×T17, PCB/S₅-10×T17 and PCB/S₅-11×Thai pop could be used in future breeding program to develop high yielding popcorn hybrids with desirable qualities.

Keywords: Evaluation, Test cross, Pop corn, Yield and popping quality, Line × Tester method

Location: Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2012

End Date: 00-00-2013

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Maize

Objectives:

To determine the general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) of crosses for different traits and to explore heterotic hybrid combinations.

Methodology:

The experimentals material comprised of six selected S₅ generation lines (as female parents) and two testers (T₁₇, Thai popcorn) of popcorn with diverse genetic base. Total 12 cross combinations were made through Line × Tester mating design during 2012-13. The 12 F₁’s along with two checks (Thai popcorn and Khoibhutta) were sown following RCBD with two replications at the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur during rabi, 2013. Spacing was maintained at 75 cm × 20 cm. Intercultural operation and fertilizers were applied as recommend dose. All the recommended packages of practice were followed and the observations were recorded on ten randomly selected plants for quantitative characters viz. days to 50% tasselling, days to 50% silking, plant and ear height, ear length, ear diameter, number of grains per ear, 1000-grain weight, and grain yield. After harvesting and proper drying, the dried popcorns were tested for quality by popping. Qualitative characters like popping % and popping expansion was recorded. For scoring the taste of quality 1-5 scale was used. During scoring the best one was scored 1 and the worst one was scored 5. All these observations were considered in combining ability analysis (excluding parents).

Source of Information: Annual Research Report 2013-14, Plant Breeding Division, BARI, page: 44-49

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: Twenty thousand taka only

Total Budget (Tk.) : Twenty thousand taka only

Achievement/Findings:

The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the crosses for yield and popping quality traits indicating sufficient genetic variability present among the hybrids. The proportional contribution of lines and interactions to total variances was much higher than testers in all the traits except days to tassel, plant height and thousand grain weight. In case of days to silking, contribution of lines and testers was nearly equal. General combining ability (GCA) effects showed that line PCB/S₅-3 exhibited significant negative GCA effects for pollen shedding and silking. For both of plant height and ear height, line PCB/S₅-3 and PCB/S₅-14 contributed negative effects but is not significant. Only one line PCB/S₅-10 had significant positive GCA effect that could be utilized for evolving bold grain. PCB/S₅-3 and PCB/S₅-11 could be used for obtaining higher grain numbers. Only the line PCB/S₅-11 expressed highly significant positive GCA effects for yield. In case of qualitative characters PCB/S₅-11 showed significant positive GCA effect for popping percentage and PCB/S₅-4 for popping expansion. Significant positive Specific combining ability (SCA) was not observed for yield component like grains number and grain weight. Significant positive SCA effect for yield was observed in PCB/S₅-3×T₁₇, PCB/S₅-4×Thai, PCB/S₅-10× Thai, PCB/S₅-11×Thai and PCB/S₅-14× T₁₇. The cross PCB/S₅-11×Thai also had high mean values for grain yield. In general, the crosses involved both good general combiner and or at least one good combiner showed high SCA effects. The parental lines PCB/S₅-3 and PCB/S₅-11 have been identified as the best general combiner due to their good combining ability effects and also their ability to transmit characters to their progenies for most of the characters. The crosses PCB/S₅-3 ×T₁₇, PCB/S₅-4 ×T₁₇, PCB/S₅-10×T₁₇ and PCB/S₅-10×Thai pop showed high mean performances in quality test scoring.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings