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Genetic Divergence of Jesso-balam Rice (oryza Sativa L.) of Bangladesh

M.S. Ahmed
Principal Scientific Officer
GRSD, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

A.K.M. Shamsuddin
Professor
Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

M. Wazuddin
Professor
Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

M.K. Bashar
Country Manager, Harvest-Plus, CIAT, Banani, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

In total 27 genotypes of Jesso-Balam pure line rice germplasm were studied for fourteen morpho-physiological and four physico-chemical characters at Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, during T. Aman 2009 and T. Aman 2011 seasons. According to principal component scores, the two-dimensional scatter diagram (Z₁ -Z₂ ) has apparently distributed the genotypes into seven clusters. According to Mahalanobis’ D² statistic for the studied characters, the genotypes were clubbed into seven groups. The highest number of genotypes (6) were included in clusters I and III and the lowest two (2) in cluster V and VII. It was also revealed that no duplicate was existed among the genotypes. The intra-cluster distance was maximum (0.77) in cluster III and minimum (0.28) in cluster VII, while the maximum inter-cluster distance (28.37) was observed between the clusters III and IV and the minimum (2.49) between the clusters I and VII. The cluster V has produced the highest means for plant height (148.18 cm), straw yield per hill (39.97 g), panicle length (28.14 cm) and protein content (9.61%). But, the cluster IV has showed the highest means for seedling height (69.5 cm), flag and penultimate leaf area (1059.5 cm² ), culm diameter (5.8 cm), filled grain number per panicle (3.64), grain length (8.63 mm) and 1000-grain weight (21.78 g), while the cluster VII had the highest means for grain yield per hill (31.27 g) and effective tiller number per hill (13.5) and the lowest mean for days to maturity (144). Therefore, the genotypes of cluster V need to be crossed with the genotypes of cluster IV or cluster VII, for developing new Balam rice with maximum other good characters. Finally, it could be concluded that the studied Jesso-Balam pure lines germplasm is a good source of valuable genes.

Keywords: Genetic divergence, Jesso-balam rice

Location: Rice Gene bank, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2009

End Date: 00-00-2011

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To assess the extent of genetic diversity in 27 genotypes of Jesso-Balam rice germplasm of Bangladesh for selecting prospective parents for developing new promising varieties of Balam rice.

Methodology:

In total 27 genotypes of Jesso-Balam TAPL (Transplant Aman Pure Line) rice germplasm, developed from a single cross in the hybridization program by Plant Breeding Division, BRRI, through head to raw method, were selected and collected from Rice Gene bank, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur, Bangladesh for study of fourteen morpho-physiological and four physico-chemical characters. Thirty days old single seedling was transplanted per hill using spaces within and between rows of 20 and 25 cm, respectively for morpho-physiological study during T. Aman 2009 and T. Aman 2011 seasons. Fertilizers were applied @ 60:20:40 kg NPK/ha. Total quantity of TSP and MP were applied before final land preparation. Urea was top dressed at 15, 30 and 45 days after transplanting (DAT). Nine plants from each entry were randomly selected for recording data regarding seedling height, flag and penultimate leaf length and width, plant height, culm diameter, effective tiller number per hill, straw yield per hill, days to maturity, panicle length, primary and secondary branch number per panicle, filled grain number per panicle, grain yield per panicle, grain length, 1000-grain weight and grain yield per hill. Besides, milling outturn, cooking time, amylose and protein content were measured during 2011 according to the laboratory manual, Grain Quality and Nutrition Division (GQND), BRRI. Genetic diversity was worked out following principal component analysis and Mahalanobis’ generalized distance (D² ) analysis extended. Clustering of genotypes was done according to Tochers method. All multivariate analyses were performed in computer using GENSTAT 5.13 program.

Source of Information: Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 5 (1): 22-27, June, 2015, ISSN: 2224-0616

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The studied Jesso-Balam PL germplasm is a good source of valuable genes. There is a high degree of diversity existed among the genotypes which needs to be utilized in future varietal improvement/development programs. Specifically, the genotypes of clusters V, IV and VII may be selected as parents for hybridization programs to develop high yielding Balam rice varieties with desirable other good characters.

Knowledge Management: Journal