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Physicochemical Properties and Heavy Metal Concentration in Soil of Industrial Area, Zirani, Savar, Dhaka

M. S. Rahaman
Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail

M. S. Islam
Chittagong Polytechnic Institute, Chittagong-4209

M. Rehnuma
Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail

M. M. Hoque
Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail

F. Nessa
Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Zirani of Savar is an important industrial area of the country which provides wide range of potentiality for economic development. The purpose of the study was to observe the nutrient status and heavy metals concentration of the soil in Zirani, Savar, Dhaka. Nine soil samples were collected and analyzed through different methods for analyzing pH, OC, N, K, P, S and the heavy metals including Zn, Cd, Cu, and Pb, were investigated using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) technique. The analyzed result revealed the soil surrounding the dumping site was slightly acidic which is not harmful for agricultural production. The highest value of OC was recorded 2.14% at point 3 and the lowest value was 1.92% which was found in point 2 that is greater than the reference value. Except total N concentration, the amount of available P, K, and S were greater than their recommended level. In addition the result showed that the concentration of Cu and Pb were much higher than their recommended level and the maximum value of Cu was 0.09 ppm and 0.762 ppm was the maximum concentration of Pb. and the concentration of Zn and Cd were within tolerable limit. Zn at point 3 showed higher concentration which was 3.05 ppm. The maximum value of Cd was 0.09 ppm that was found at station 1 under point 3.

Keywords: Heavy metal, Industrial area, Nutrients, Soil pollution

Location: Savar (near DEPZ area) industrial zone, Zirani, Savar, Dhaka

Start Date: 01-07-2013

End Date: 31-12-2013

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Contamination of soil

Objectives:

To find out the present situation of heavy metals residues status in surface soil samples in the textile, battery, pharmaceutical, dyeing and printing industrial areas of Zirani, Savar, Bangladesh.

Methodology:

The study area located at the Dhamsona Union under Savar Upazila of Dhaka District which was within latitude 23º50` 39 N and longitude 90º15` 4 E. The selected sites situated from the effluent discharging point (back side) of the DEPZ to the Bangshi River in which effluents are finally mixed. Physiographical the study area belongs to Madhupur Tracts, which is a Pleistocene elevated landscape distinct from the surrounding Fluviodeltaic plains by Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna River. It is about 35 km from Dhaka City and 25 km from Hazrat Shahjalal International Airport in the NW direction and represents a limited extend of landscape yet having distinct morphological features. Primary data were collected through field observation and on laboratory work, and secondary data were collected from governmental organization, personal records, journals and papers, articles, and from electronic and web based information. Nine soil samples representing 0-15 cm (SRDI, 2005) from the surface was collected at approximate distance of 30, 40 and50 meters from the waste dumping site. The samples were then carried to the laboratory of Environmental Science department, BAU, Mymensingh and BINA Mymensingh. The soil samples were kept in a clean polythene bag and then transported to the Central laboratory of BAU, Mymensingh for the analysis of soil pH, EC, organic matter, available phosphorus, available sulfur, total nitrogen and heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Fe, Pb and Zn). In order to determine e.g., pH, OC, nutrient such as N, K, P, S and Heavy metal concentration of supplied soil samples. Total nitrogen in the soil was determined by Semi-micro Kjeldahl method by digesting soil sample with concentrated H2SO4 and catalyst mixture (K2SO4: CuSO4.5H2O: Se=10:1:0.1) (Bammer and Malvey, 1982). Available phosphorus was determined. Exchangeable potassium in soil was determined by the extraction with ammonium acetate (CH3COONH4; pH=7.0) by using flame photometer (Black, 1965) at the wave length of 766.5 to 769.5 nm. To determine the total Cd and Pb content of soil 4 M HNO3 was used as extracting solution. Two grams of soil was digested with 12.5 ml extracting solution at 80oC for 24 hours. Then it was made of 50 ml and filtered. Copper (Cu) and Lead (Pb) content of soil extracts were determined directly by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS).

Source of Information: J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 8(1): 65-68, 2015; ISSN 1999-7361

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The contamination of soil by heavy metals from industrial sources had become a serious environmental issue. The country is committed to increase its economic growth through industrialization but the environmental aspects and impacts is same important. From present research it has been stated that the soil quality was not satisfactory during study period. So appropriate measure and proper maintenance is must to reduce heavy metals concentration in soil.

Knowledge Management: Journal