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Physical and Mechanical Properties of Bambusa Arundinacea, Bambusa LonGISpiculata, Bambusa Vulgaris and Dendrocalamus Giganteus

M. A. Sattar
Director (Ex.)
Seasoning and Timber Physics Division, Bangladesh Forest Research Institute, Chittagong.

D.K. Bhattacharjee
Seasoning and Timber Physics Division, Bangladesh Forest Research Institute, Chittagong

M.F. Kabir
Seasoning and Timber Physics Division, Bangladesh Forest Research Institute, Chittagong

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The physical and mechanical properties of Bambusa arundinacea, B. longispiculata, B. vulgaris and Dendrocalamus giganteus have been studied at three height levels. The moisture content and shrinkage decrease, whereas specific gravity increase as the height of the culm increases. B. longispiculata exhibits the highest specific gravity among the four species. The diameter shrinkage is found much lower than the shrinkage in wall thickness. The compressive strength, fibre stress at elastic limit and modulus of elasticity increase with the culm height. Among the four species, B. arundinacea shows the highest strength in almost all cases.

Keywords: Physical and mechanical properties, Bambusa arundinacea, B. longispiculata, B. vulgaris, Dendrocalamus giganteus.

Location: BFRI

Start Date: 00-00-0000

End Date: 00-00-0000

Program Area: Conservation and Biodiversity

Commodity: Bamboo

Objectives:

To determine the physical and mechanical properties of four important bamboo species (Bambusa arundinacea, Bambusa longispiculata, Bambusa vulgaris and Dendrocalamus giganteus) at different culm height levels.

Methodology:

Four bamboo species, Bambusa arundinacea, Bambusa longispiculata, Bambusa vulgaris and Dendrocalamus giganteus were collected from the bambusetum of the Bangladesh Forest Research Institute, Chittagong. The bamboos of three years old were selected because the culms attain maturity at this age. Three bamboo culms were taken for each species. Each culm was divided into three equal portions – bottom, middle and top which represent three height levels.The specimens for moisture content, specific gravity and shrinkage in wall thickness were prepared in the form of 2.5 cm wide rings. A total of three rings were taken for each portion. The specimens for diameter shrinkage were the internodes of the culm bounded by the nodes at the extremity. The shrinkage in wall thickness was determined from green to oven dry condition and the diameter shrinkage was taken from green to air dry condition. The specific gravity was determined on the basis of oven dry weight and green and oven dry volumes.

The mechanical properties, such as compressive strength and static bending were carried out according to the Indian Standard. The compressive strength parallel to grain was determined from the inernode of the culm on full diameter and the length was ten times of the average wall thickness of the culms. The length of the specimens for the static bending test was 75 cm. These were bounded by two nodes. The paired specimens were prepared for both compressive and static bending test from each portion, one for test in the green condition and the other for test in the air dry condition. All the tests were conducted with a universal testing machine.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Forest Science, Vol : 23 (2), July-Dec 1994, 20-25

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The moisture content, shrinkage in wall thickness, shrinkage in diameter and bending strength decrease from the bottom towards the top. The specific gravity, compressive strength, fibre stress at elastic limit and modulus of elasticity increase along the culm height in all these species. Regarding strength properties, B. arundinacea exhibits the highest value in most cases, while B. giganteus shows the lowest value among the four species. The relative values of physical properties vary from 100 to 173% and 12 to 140% for mechanical properties compared to teak wood.

Knowledge Management: Journal