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Residual Analysis of Selected Pesticides in Cucumber and Spinach Collected from Local Markets of Mymensingh Sadar

MA Islam*
Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

MZ Islam
Department of Environmental Science Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202 Bangladesh

MK Hossain
Department of Environmental Science Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202 Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

To explore the chemical contamination of vegetables available in local market of Mymensingh this research work undertaken for detection and quantification of the presence of pesticides. Standard pesticides and GC (Gas Chromatography) were used to confirm their retention times and area of eluted peaks. By comparing the retention times of standards and samples, confirmation of residual presence of pesticides were studied. A result revealed that residue of a fungicide (Common Name: Mancozeb, a.i: Symoxanil 72 wp) was found in one Cucumber sample out of three where 50 ppm quantified. On the other hand, out of 3 spinach samples, 1 of them showed presence of a insecticide (Common name: imidachloropid; a.i.: imidachloropid 20 SL) residues, which quantified as 35 ppm. Residual quantity determined in cucumber sample of BAU Sesh More and spinach sample of Kewatkhali market, Mymensingh. To clarify the existing scenario in respect of all pesticide residues in vegetable sample, it would be necessary to develop all facilities for a modern analytical laboratories and skilled manpower. It may be useful for creating awareness about the available vegetables in consumers and farmers community.

Keywords: Pesticide residues, vegetables, mancozeb, imidachloropid, GC

Location: Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University

Start Date: 17-07-2013

End Date: 00-00-2014

Program Area: Food Safety and Security

Commodity: Insecticide

Objectives:

To explore the existing condition of available vegetables in local market and to know the types of pesticide which are used in vegetables and hence to determine residual levels of pesticide and the quantity of chemicals in vegetables.

Methodology:

Samples were collected from 3 sites of Mymensingh Sadar Upazila: a) Kewatkhali market , b) BAU KR market and c) Seshmore , BAU.Two available vegetables (Spinach and Cucumber) were collected randomly on July 17’ 2013. The collected vegetable samples were immediately taken into the laboratory of the Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University and cut into small pieces with proper labeling. The labeled samples were kept in deep freezer ( -20?). About 2 gm of each sample (frozen part) was grinded by hand grinder then allowed in 5 ml Hx (n-Hexane) containing test tube for 15 minutes. To avoid the evaporation of solvents and volatile chemicals from the samples, the mouth of the test tube was tightly closed by cork. After 15 minutes, each part was mixed well by 2 minutes hand shaking and keeps 5 minutes for stabling. The supernatant solution (Hx with extracted compound) was collected by small pipette carefully and collected the solution in vial. The method of sample extraction (liquid extraction technique) was followed by two research reports with modification.The analytical analysis was carried out with Gas Chromatograph (GC) [GC-2014] Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, Japan. DFID detector was used in this experiment. The overall GC condition is tabulated below. Injection of each standard solution was repeated several times (at least 5 times) for the confirmation of the respective retention time. The different concentration of both standard solutions were injected in GC system under above mentioned condition and made calibration curve. By comparing the retention time and area of the standard solution and studied samples, it was matched both and confirmed then calculated the GC eluted compound. By plotting the area of a specific peak at a specific retention time in the calibration curve of a known chemical, the concentration or quantity of GC eluted compound was calculated.

Source of Information: Progressive Agriculture 26:38-44, 2015, ISSN: 1017-8139

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Results revealed that only 2 samples (out of 6 samples) responded to chemical elusions. Several peaks were eluted after the injection of extracted sample in GC. Retention time of eluted peak was compared to standard solution peak to identify chemical. In Cucumber sample (VC1) one peak is found which is similar to Mancozeb peak. The quantity of the Mancozeb residue in that sample was about 50 ppm using peak area in standard calibration curve. In spinach sample out of 3 samples only one shows the presence of chemical residue. In cucumber sample (VS3), one peak was identified as imidachloprid peak. The imidachloprid residue was quantified and recorded as approximately 35ppm. Chemical residues were not found in other 4 sample due to different possible reason such as study area variation, differences of extraction procedure, variation of sampling portion of vegetables, variation of GC analytical conditions and limitation of availability of standard solution and solvents. Results indicated that about one third of the vegetable samples contained harmful pesticide residues, which consumed by human being. Further research works would be necessary to explore the existing residual level of different pesticides among the vegetables marketed in Bangladesh. The awareness of farmers, consumers, scientists and extension personnel would be emphasized through this result.

Knowledge Management: Journal