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Breeding for the Improvement of Indigenous Chickens in Bangladesh: Performance of Second Generation

Shakila Faruque
Senior Scientific Officer
Poultry Production Research Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute,Savar,Dhaka-1341

Md. Mahfuzar Rahman
PSO
PPRD, BLRI

Dr. Md. Nazrul Islam,
CSO and DG
BLRI

Md. Sirajul Islam,
SO
PPRD, BLRI

Dr. A.K.F.H. Bhuiyan
Professor
Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Present research is a part of the long-term selection program being undertaken to evaluate the carcass characteristics and expected response to selection . A total of 1643-day-old chicks comprising of 3 types of chicken namely Naked Neck (NN), Hilly (H) and Non-descript Desi (ND) were hatched for this study. Selection was practiced at 3 (three) stages of birds life at 8 ,16 and thirdly at 40 weeks of age considering ASM, BW, EP and EW. At 8, 10 and 12 weeks of age, six birds from each genotype were slaughtered and slaughter data were analyzed in a 3 (genotype) × 3 (slaughter age) factorial arrangement in CRD by General Linear Model (GLM) Univariate Procedure in SPSS Computer Program. Genotype and slaughter age had significant effect (p<0.001) on dressing percentage. Body weight at 8 weeks of age was expected to improve by 51.21 vs. 24.03; 37.74 vs. 15.47 and 26.26 vs. 9.65g; respectively for ND, H and NN males and females. In terms of body weight H genotype was superior and NN genotype was for dressing percentage. As a result of selection; EP, BW increased and ASM reduced in second generation than that of the foundation stock.

Keywords: Indigenous chicken, Generation, Selective breeding, Breeding value, Performance

Location: Poultry Production Research Farm, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute,Savar,Dhaka-1341

Start Date: 01-06-2012

End Date: 30-05-2013

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Chicken

Objectives:

To evaluate the performance and expected response to selection of second generation (G₂).

Methodology:

Production of second generation (G₂): The study was conducted at Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, under Poultry Production Research Division, Savar, Dhaka. Bangladesh. A total of 1643 progenies (ND=926, H= 383 and NN= 334) were hatched in a two batches for second generation (G₂). Rearing and data collection of second generation (G₂): All the chicks of three genotypes were transferred into the brooder, which were cleaned and disinfected earlier and 5% glucose solution was supplied for the first three days. One-week later leg bands were removed and wing bands were provided all the experimental birds. Debeaking was performed after 10-12 days of age. Concentrate mixtures that contain 20.06% Crude Protein & 2908 Kcal ME/kg DM; 18.13% Crude Protein & 2904 Kcal ME/kg DM and 16.33% Crude Protein & 2845 Kcal ME/kg DM were provided twice daily. Selection and mating plan of second generation (G₂): In second generation (G₂), selection was practiced at 3 (three) stages of birds life, firstly and secondly, at 8 and at 16 weeks of age, selection was performed on the basis of breeding value for 8 and 16 week body weight. At 8 weeks of age, a total of 460 females (ND=230, H= 115 and NN= 115) and 175 males (ND=85, H= 45 and NN= 45) were selected according to breeding value on the basis of 8 week’s body weight. At 16 weeks of age, a total of 400 females (ND=200, H= 100 and NN= 100) and 80 males (ND=40, H= 20 and NN= 20) were selected according to breeding value on the basis of 16 week’s body weight. Thirdly, at 40-week of age, selection was done using multi trait index selection and independent culling level. The selection Index was computed by the following equation: Selection Index (I) = b₁x₁ +b₂x₂ +…………. + b_nx_n_,Where, x₁, x₂,…….x_n represent the phenotypic value for the trait b₁,b₂,…….b_n denote the relative weight given to each of the trait. The total score was obtained from above calculation is a selection index. The individual with the higher total score was selected for breeding purposes. Both index selection and independent culling levels were used to select chicken. A total of 37 males (ND=17, H= 10 and NN= 10) and 185 females (ND=85, H= 50 and NN= 50) were selected. A total of 20 males (ND=10, H= 5 and NN= 5) and 40 female birds (ND=20, H= 10 and NN= 10) were kept as spare birds. An assortative mating design was followed to keep inbreeding as low as possible. AI and collection of hatching eggs to produce third generation (G₃): Selected males and females were mated using artificial insemination. Artificial Insemination was practiced twice in a week. Hatching eggs were collected up to 10 days. Male birds were collected from different parts of Bangladesh to introduce new variability. Two batches were required to produce third generation (G₃). Slaughtering and carcass - characteristics data: At 8, 10 and 12 weeks of age, six males of each genotype were slaughtered to analyze the meat yield traits.

Source of Information: BLRI. Annual Review Workshop, 2012-13. BLRI, Savar, Dhaka.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results revealed that among the indigenous genotypes H genotype was superior in terms of body weight, and NN genotype was for dressing percentage. NN genotype was also found reaching maturity earlier but attaining a lighter mature weight. In each generation slight response was obtained for selection.These findings give an impetus for continuing the pure breeding research for more generations.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings