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Storage Diseases of Onion Under Variable Conditions

MS Mahmud
Dhamoirhat Degree College, Dhamoirhat Naogaon, Bangladesh

MS Monjil*
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Onion (Allium cepa L.) is an important and familiar spice as well as vegetable crop throughout the world. Storage rot due to various diseases caused by bulb rotting fungi is a major constrain for storing onion year-round in Bangladesh. The fungi associated with onion collected from different markets of Mymensingh, Naogaon and Sathkhira districts of Bangladesh were studied aiming to record the incidence of storage diseases as well as storage variability and conditions on disease incidence of onion. Disease incidence was recorded from storage of the retailers in two local varieties of onion,viz., Taherpuri, Faridpuri and one Indian variety Pusa Red. Initially, infected onion bulbs were found maximum in Faridpuri and minimum amount was found in Pusa Red. Month - wise disease incidence showed that highest number of infected onion bulbs was found in Pusa Red and lowest number of infected bulbs was found in Taherpuri. Similarly highest disease incidence ( %) was recorded in Pusa Red and lowest disease incidence (%) was recorded in Therpuri. Among the different markets average number of fungal infected bulbs was highest in the samples collected from Dhamoirhat bazaar of Naogaon district and lowest in the samples collected from Natun bazaar of Mymensingh district. Highest infected bulbs were found in onions stored in cold room (6°C) followed by Free floor and Bamboo basket. Lowest infected bulbs were found in onions stored in dried sands followed by net- bag and jute bag. Thus, the fungal diseases in storage are higher in large sized onion bulbs than indigenous small sized onions and in cold room (6°C) than net-bag or jute bag.

Keywords: Onion, Variety, Storage condition, Disease incidence

Location: Natun bazaar of Mymensingh, Dhamoirhat bazaar of Naogaon and Sadar bazaar of Shatkhira

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Onion

Objectives:

To study the fungi associated with onion bulb collected from different markets of Mymensingh, Naogaon and Sathkhira districts of Bangladesh to record the incidence of storage diseases of onion and to know the storage variability and conditions on disease incidence of onion.

Methodology:

Onion bulbs were collected from three retailer markets of three districts, namely, Natun bazaar of Mymensingh, Dhamoirhat bazaar of Naogaon and Sadar bazaar of Shatkhira of the country . The clinical experiment was carried out in the MS Laboratory , Department of Plant Pathology and in Seed Pathology Centre (SPC), Bangladesh Agriculture University (BAU), Mymensingh. Two local varieties of onion ,viz., Taherpuri, Faridpuri and one Indian variety Pusa Red were selected for this research work. Taherpuri is medium in size with very high pungency; Faridpuri is smaller in size and reddish in color; Pusa Red is large in size with fleshy scales and slight pungent odor. Unbiased samples were collected from the stored bag of the retailers . Before storing in the cotton bag each sample of collected onion was sorted out into two categories, viz. healthy looking onions and symptom bearing onions. Onion of all samples were counted, weighted, bagged and labeled . Storage of healthy onions was spread out at room temperature . Five indigenous storage containers were used to store onion, viz., bamboo basket, jute bag, plastic net bag, keep on sand and free floor along with controlled temperature ( cold room) at 6° C.After one week of storage, such a stored sample was spread on a working table and the onion bulbs were sorted out into different categories, such as, i) Healthy looking bulb (with no symptoms/ sign on the bulbs), ii) Black mould rot symptom bearing bulbs, iii) Bulb mould rot symptom bearing bulbs , iv) Fusarium bulb rot symptom bearing bulbs and v) others (having symptom/ sign) . The total number of onion in each category were counted and weighted. All these exercise was done on the basis of direct inspection with/ without the aid of a 5× hand lens. Percent weight loss was calculated by the following formula : W eight loss (%) = ( Initial w eight of onion bulbs - Final weight of onion bulbs) ×100/ Initial weight of stored onion bulbs The percentage of disease incidence was calculated using following equation : Disease incidence (%) = No. of diseased onion×100 / Total no. of onion The laboratory experiment was laid out in a completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. The recorded data on various parameters under the present study were statistically analyzed using MSTAT statistical package program. The level of significance and analysis of variance along with the Least Significance Difference (LSD) were done.

Source of Information: Progressive Agriculture 26:45-50, 2015, ISSN: 1017 - 8139

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Among the different markets average number of fungal infected bulbs was highest in the samples collected from Dhamoirhat bazaar of Naogaon district and lowest in the samples collected from Natun bazaar of Mymensingh district. Highest infected bulbs were found in onions stored in cold room (6°C) followed by Free floor and Bamboo basket. Lowest infected bulbs were found in onions stored in dried sands followed by net- bag and jute bag. Thus, the fungal diseases in storage are higher in large sized onion bulbs than indigenous small sized onions and in cold room (6°C) than net-bag or jute bag.

Knowledge Management: Journal