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Development of Herbal Anthelmintic Against Internal Parasites-gi Nematodes of Sheep

M. N. Munsi
Scientific Officer
Goat and Sheep Production Research Division,BLRI, Savar, Dhaka 1341.

M. M. Rahman
ULO
PhD fellow, sheep project, BLRI, Savar, Dhaka.

M. M. Billah
Scientific Officer
Conservation and Improvement of Native Sheep through Community and Commercial Farming(Component A Research, 2nd Phase), GSPRD,BLRI, Savar, Dhaka.

M. M. Rahman
Scientific Officer
Conservation and Improvement of Native Sheep through Community and Commercial Farming(Component A Research, 2nd Phase), GSPRD, BLRI, Savar, Dhaka.

Dr. Md. Ershaduzzaman
Principal Scientific Officer
Head, System Research Division, BLRI, Savar, Dhaka 1341.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present study was undertaken to develop a herbal anthelmintic as an alternative to synthetic vermifuge. The experiment was conducted at the sheep research farm of Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka from July 2014 to June 2015. The faecal samples were collected directly from the rectum of the animals with the help of polybags and brought to the laboratory by using cool box. The gastrointestinal nematodes egg per gram (EPG) of faeces was determined by MacMaster method. A total of 200 sheep having EPG counts ranging from 750 to 3200 was used in this experiment. About 50 sheep of different ages, sexes and body weights were included in each trial. The average age and body weight of the animals were 8 months and 16 kg, respectively. The animals were divided into five groups including control, where each group contained 10 individuals. Four herbal extracts were used in this experiment namely, neem, betel, pineapple leaves and bitter gourds. The control group was marked as T₀ and the treatment groups were marked as T₁, T₂, T₃_, and T₄ for neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves, betel (Piper betle) leaves, pineapple (Ananas comosus) leaves and bitter gourds (Momordica charantia), respectively. The neem leaves, betel leaves, pineapple leaves, and bitter gourds were collected from different locations to prepare the aqueous extracts with the help of a blender, while 200ml of clean drinking water was added to each 50gm. The p^Hof the fresh herbal preparations were 6.26, 4.74, 5.14, and 5.93 for neem leaves, betel leaves, pineapple leaves, and bitter gourds, respectively. The prepared drugs were administered orally once in the morning. The doses used were 1ml, 3ml, 5ml and 10ml per kg body weight for all types of extracts. After treatment, the EPG of faeces was determined on day 3, day 5 and day 7 to compare the EPG counts before and after treatment. It was found that the EPG counts were significantly reduced on day 5 and day 7 in case of three treatment groups (T₁, T₂, T₃), whereas remarkable EPG reduction was noted on day 3 in case of the treatment group T₄. The best result was observed for the dose rate of 10ml/kg body weight. The EPG counts in the control groups remained almost same on all days for a particular dose used.

Keywords: Herbal anthelmintic, Sheep, GI nematodes

Location: Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka.

Start Date: 01-07-2014

End Date: 30-06-2015

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Sheep

Objectives:

1.To determine the efficacy of herbal plants against endoparasites, and 2. To develop a treatment regimen against such parasites.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the sheep research farm of Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka from July 2014 to June 2015. The faecal samples were collected directly from the rectum of the animals with the help of polybags and brought to the laboratory by using cool box. The gastrointestinal nematodes egg per gram (EPG) of faeces was determined by MacMaster method. A total of 200 sheep having EPG counts ranging from 750 to 3200 was used in this experiment. About 50 sheep of different ages, sexes and body weights were included in each trial. The average age and body weight of the animals were 8 months and 16 kg, respectively. The animals were divided into five groups including control, where each group contained 10 individuals. Four herbal extracts were used in this experiment namely, neem, betel, pineapple leaves and bitter gourds. The control group was marked as T₀ and the treatment groups were marked as T₁, T₂, T₃_, and T₄ for neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves, betel (Piper betle) leaves, pineapple (Ananas comosus) leaves and bitter gourds (Momordica charantia), respectively. The neem leaves, betel leaves, pineapple leaves, and bitter gourds were collected from different locations to prepare the aqueous extracts with the help of a blender, while 200ml of clean drinking water was added to each 50gm. The p^Hof the fresh herbal preparations were 6.26, 4.74, 5.14, and 5.93 for neem leaves, betel leaves, pineapple leaves, and bitter gourds, respectively. The prepared drugs were administered orally once in the morning. The doses used were 1ml, 3ml, 5ml and 10ml per kg body weight for all types of extracts. After treatment, the EPG of faeces was determined on day 3, day 5 and day 7 to compare the EPG counts before and after treatment.

Source of Information: BLRI. Annual Research Review Workshop-2015. Savar Bangladesh. pp 49-50

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The present experiment revealed that all four herbal drugs @ 3ml/kg body weight, 5ml/kg body weight and 10ml/kg body weight may be used as anthelmintics against GI nematodes in sheep population although the best option is 10ml/kg body weight.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings