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Study on the Conservation and Improvement of Native Buffalo Through Selective Crossbreeding

M.F. Afroz
Scientific Officer
Biotechnology Division Bangladsh Livestock Research Institute,Savar, Dhaka

M.A. Yousuf
Scientific Officer
Health Research Division Bangladsh Livestock Research Institute,Savar, Dhaka

M.A. Habib
Senior Scientific Officer
Fodder Development Project Bangladsh Livestock Research Institute,Savar, Dhaka

M.N. Yeasmin
Scientific Officer
Buffalo Development Project(Component-B) Bangladsh Livestock Research Institute,Savar, Dhaka

M.A. kabir
Scientific Officer
Biotechnology Division Bangladsh Livestock Research Institute,Savar, Dhaka

S.K.Tania
Scientific Officer
Buffalo Development Project(Component-B)Bangladsh Livestock Research Institute,Savar, Dhaka

G.K. Deb
Senior Scientific Officer
Biotechnology Division Bangladsh Livestock Research Institute,Savar, Dhaka

T. N. Nahar
Chief Scientific Officer
Biotechnology Division Bangladsh Livestock Research Institute,Savar, Dhaka

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Buffaloes are the black gold of Bangladesh. Considering fat and total solid contents of milk, buffalo produces two times higher milk than indigenous cattle of Bangladesh. However, the average lactation yield of indigenous buffalo is very low than high yielding exotic buffalo breed in the world. To increase contribution of buffalo to the national economy, the Government has taken a development project entitled “Buffalo Development Project”. The goal of the project is to improve the genetic potentiality of native buffalo through crossbreeding with Mediterian Murrah buffalo breeds aiming to increase milk and meat production. AI is one of the most important activities to fulfill the above project goal. On the other hand, synchronization of the estrus cycle has the potential to shorten the calving season, increase calf uniformity and enhance the possibilities for utilizing AI. So, this approach has been used to improve the genetic potentiality of our native buffalo crossing with high yielding Murrah buffalo. The efficiency of on going AI program was evaluated by conception rate (CR). Moreover, birth weight of crossbred calves were recorded and compared with indigenous calves. Average conception rate was 47.80% and significant differences were observed among different districts. The conception rate was higher when AI was done in naturally heated animals (50.91%) than animals come into estrus by ES (16.67%). Crossbred calves (37.15 kg) were heavier at birth than indigenous calves (21.82 kg).The above findings inferred that the efficiency of AI in buffaloes was moderate. Birth weight of crossbred buffaloes was higher than indigenous type.

Keywords: Conservation, Crossbreeding, Buffalo, Estrus synchronization

Location: BLRI and on farm

Start Date: 01-07-2014

End Date: 30-06-2015

Program Area: Conservation and Biodiversity

Commodity: Buffalo

Objectives:

1.This study was designed to adopt ES protocol for indigenous buffaloes, 2.To evaluate ongoing buffalo AI efficiency, and 3. To know the comparative birth weight of crossbred and indigenous buffalo.

Methodology:

To perform ES, reproductively active 28 adult female buffaloes were selected in two batches (16 cows in summer season and 12 cows in winter season) from BLRI Buffalo Research Farm. The ES protocol was described in Figure 1. The efficiency of AI was evaluated by conception rate (CR). Moreover, birth weight of crossbred calves were recorded and compared with indigenous calves. AI was conducted in the buffaloes rearing by the farmers in nine districts (Bhola, Potuakhali, Noakhali, Moulovibazar, Mymensingh, Sirajganj, Bagerhat, Laxmipur and Jamalpur districts), BLRI Buffalo Research Farm and Bagherhat Government Buffalo Breeding Farms. A total of 394 AI was performed (97 in Bhola; 14 in Potuakhali;17 in Noakhali; 34 in Moulovibaza; 61 in Mymensingh, 8 in Sirajganj; 37 in Laxmipur and 34 in Jamalpur, 24 in BLRI Buffalo Research Farm and 61 in Bagerhat Government Buffalo Breeding Farms). Birth weights of ninety one (91) buffalo calves born during this study period were measured. Among them 52 were crossbred buffalo calves (27 were male and 25 were female) and 39 were naturally mated calves (17 were male and 22 were female). Collected data were analyzed using SPSS 17.0 program.

Source of Information: BLRI. Annual Review Workshop-2015, BLRI, Savar, Dhaka

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government	Budget: What is the budget of the project?
2.	Budget: What is the budget of the project?

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The above findings inferred that the efficiency of AI in buffaloes was moderate. Birth weight of crossbred buffaloes was higher than indigenous type.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings