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An Investigation Into the Microbial Infestation of Poultry Feeds

M. M. Rahman
Agricultural Research and Development, Harvest plus Bangladesh, IRRI Office, Chairmanbari, Banani, Dhaka-1213

M. S. Islam
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The Experiments were carried out during the period of July 2001 to December 2002. Infestation of poultry feeds by fungi and aflatoxins content in feeds were determined. Ten feed samples were collected from ten different farms located in three different areas of Bangladesh. Five different fungal species belonging four genera were detected which were Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium spp, Rhizopus stolonifer and Penicillium spp. Among them Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger were found in all the feed samples and the rest were occasionally found. Effect of storage and moisture content of feeds were studied for determining the influence on occurrence of fungal flora in feeds. Higher the storing period of feed along with higher moisture content resulted superior incidences of fungal population in stored feeds. Studied on storage practice with 4 duration of F₁ sample revealed that the presence of aflatoxins were 30.52 ppb, 33.36 ppb, 37.32 ppb and 48.35 ppb of 5, 10, 15 and 20 days after production of feeds, respectively.

Keywords: Investigation, Poultry Feed, Storage, Fungi, Alfatoxin

Location: Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-07-2001

End Date: 00-12-2002

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Feed

Objectives:

The objectives of the present studies were determination of occurrence of fungal flora with the poultry feeds. Quantification of phycotoxins produced by the fungal flora present in the stored feeds. Evaluation of storing period and moisture content on the quality of poultry feeds.

Methodology:

The in-vitro experiments were conducted at Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agriculture University (BAU), Mymensingh. Toxins were determined in Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka. Feed samples were collected from ten different poultry farms located in different areas of Bangladesh. Four of them are situated at Mymensingh, four at Gazipur and two at Dhaka. In case of big farms, ten bags were selected randomly. From each bag about 0.5 kg of feed sample was pooled together so that the total amount became 5 kg. They were mixed thoroughly and about 1 kg of composite sample was collected from the mixed feed. In case of small farms, composite sampling was made from only 2-3 bags of feed. The deviation was accepted because the small farms generally procure or prepare less amount of feed at a time. The composite sample was then divided into two. One part was kept in the laboratory, Department of plant pathology, BAU, Mymensingh for isolation and identification and other part was taken to the BLRI, Savar, Dhaka for toxin identification and quantification. A code number was given to each collected sample following the rules mentioned below-The numerical digit attached to F represents the serial number and sample number of the farm. So the code number of the feeds sample of farm were- F₁, F₂, F₃, F₄, F₅, F₆, F₇, F₈, F₉, and F₁₀. The experiments were laid out in completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 replications for each.Treatment means were compared with Duncan’s Multiple Range test (DMRT). Regression analysis was performed on the relationship of microbial population as against moisture content in the feed samples. Analysis of all the data were performed on treatment values calculated by is sine transformation method (Zaman et al., 1982).

Source of Information: J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 13(1): 79–86, 2015 ISSN 1810-3030

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The information obtained through this research work is basic in nature in Bangladesh that make the foundation for initiation of taking a well-planned research program for developing the quality of poultry feed in the country. However, the finding of this study will be of immense use by the personnel’s in this discipline. The Bangladesh poultry diet is deficient in balance in terms of poultry nutrition. In poultry industry, quality and cost of feed determine the profitability of the business. So, it deemed necessary to investigate the quality of poultry feed. Considering the prevailing humid condition of Bangladesh, the role of storage fungi and the occurrence of fungus produces toxins, such as aflatoxin, which is deteriorating the quality of poultry feed. Besides presence mycotoxins are introduced in the food chain it persistently affects every member in the chain. Therefore, presence mycotoxin in the poultry feed and the factors infusing their concentration need to be investigated for that matter. Ten feed samples were collected from ten different farms located in different areas of Bangladesh. Four of them are situated at Mymensingh, four at Gazipur and two at Dhaka. The fungal flora present in feeds were detected, isolated and indentified by using dilution plate method after 5, 10, 15 and 20 days after production of feeds. Five different fungal species belongings to four genera were identified, viz. Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium spp., Rhizopus stolonifer and Penicillium spp. All the feeds were infested in common by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger, where Rhizopus stolonifer and Penicillium spp. were occasionally found. A positive correlation was found to exist between the feed moisture content as well as duration of storage after production influenced fungal infestation in feeds. Feed at 20 DAP was found to contain significantly higher amount of fungal flora as well as aflatoxin that feeds stored 5, 10 and 15 days after storing.

Knowledge Management: Journal