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Effects of Phosphorus on Yield Maximization of Garlic

M S Zaman
Senior Scientific Officer
Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Jamalpur

M Jahiruddin
Professor, Department of Soil Science, BAU, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted for two consecutive rabi seasons of 2005-05 and 2006-07 at the Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS) Jamalpur to find out an optimum dose of phosphorus for the production of garlic cv. Jamalpur local. There were six levels of phosphorus viz., 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 kg ha^-1. There was a control treatment receiving no fertilizer in the experiment. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The fertilizer package N₁₅₀K₁₂₀S₄₅Zn₄B₁kg ha^-1 was applied to each plot as blanket dose. Results revealed that in most of the cases a gradual increase in growth and bulb development with increase in phosphorus doses occurred. The treatment receiving 60 kg phosphorus ha-¹ produced the highest bulb yield (6.98 t ha^-1) while the lowest yield (3.38 t ha^-1) was obtained in the control plot. Growth and yield of garlic during 2006-07 followed the pattern similar to that observed in 2005-06. Phosphorus application produced 32.8% in 2005-06 and 33.6% in 2006-07 higher yields over P control plot. Bulb yield increased due to different P levels ranged from 15.2 - 33.2%. Bulb yield recorded with different P doses followed the increasing order as P₆₀ (7.13 t ha^-1) >P₄₅ (6.65 t ha^-1) >P₇₅ (6.52 t ha^-1) >P₃₀ (6.22 t ha^-1) >P₁₅ (5.61 t ha^-1).

Keywords: Phosphorus, Growth, Bulb yield, Garlic

Location: RARS,BARI,Jamalpur

Start Date: 00-00-2005

End Date: 00-00-2007

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Garlic

Objectives:

To find out an optimum dose of phosphorus for yield maximization of garlic in Old Brahmaputra Floodplain soil in Jamalpur region.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the research field of Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS) during two consecutive rabi seasons of 2005-06 and 2006-07. The soil of the experimental field was silt loam in texture belonging to Sonatola Soil Series under the AEZ 9: Old Brahmaputra Floodplain (FAO, 1971). The experimental site was located on the sub-tropical climatic zone, which is characterized by heavy rainfall, high humidity, high temperature and relatively long days during kharif season and scantly rainfall, low humidity, low temperature and short days during rabi season. Organic matter content of the soil was low. The soil was acidic in nature. Total N and exchangeable K status of the soil were also low. The available phosphorus, sulphur, boron and zinc were low (Table 5). Six levels of phosphorus viz., 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 kg ha^-1were used in the experiment. The fertilizer package N₁₅₀K₁₂₀S₄₅Zn₄B₁kg ha^-1 was applied to each plot as blanket dose. There was a control treatment receiving no fertilizer in the experiment. The experiment was carried out in randomized complete design with three replications. The unit plot size was 2.0m × 1.5m and the spacing maintained between the rows was 15 cm and the seed to seed distance was 10 cm. Garlic seeds were planted in the first weak of November. The crop was harvested on 29 March when the plants attained maturity and showing drying up of most of the leaves and bending over. Harvesting was made with the help of a “Nirani”. Care was taken to avoid any kind of bulb injury during lifting. Intercultural operations were done as and whenever required. Data on plant growth, yield parameters and bulb yield were recorded and analyzed through MSTAT programme. Plant height and number of leaves plant^-1were recorded first 30 days after plating and then it recorded at 20-day interval to observe the growth rate of plant. The DMRT test was used for mean separations at 5% level of significance of the studied parameters.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agriculturist. 3(1): 1–6, 2010 ISSN 1812-4631

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Garlic responded significantly to added phosphorus. The maximum bulb yield of garlic was obtained with 60 kg P ha^-1 along with the blanket dose of N₁₅₀K₁₂₀S₄₅ Zn₄B₁ kg ha^-1. Therefore, the fertilizer package N₁₅₀P₆₀K₁₂₀S₄₅ Zn₄B₁ kg ha^-1 may be recommended for garlic production in Old Brahmaputra Floodplain Soil under Jamalpur region and similar environment every where.

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