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Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment of Plankton: Some Ecological Aspect and Water Quality Parameters of the River Meghna, Bangladesh

K. K. U. Ahmed
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Riverine Station, Chandpur 3602, Bangladesh

S. U. Ahamed
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Riverine Station, Chandpur 3602, Bangladesh

M. R. A. Hossain
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Riverine Station, Chandpur 3602, Bangladesh

T. Ahmed
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Riverine Station, Chandpur 3602, Bangladesh

S. Barman
Uniconsultants International, Sena Kallyan Bhaban, Motijheel C/A, Dhaka 1000

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Investigation on the seasonal distribution and abundance of various major taxa of phyto- and zooplankton and the corresponding physico-chemical characteristics were carried out in four selected stations between the latitude 22°3S.494N N-23023.987 Nand longitude 90°35.793 E - 90°49.061 E of the Meghna river system, Bangladesh. Drop count method was followed for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of both phyto- and zooplankton. A total of 41 phytoplankton genera belonging to 17 families and 13 zooplankton genera belonging to 11 families were recorded. Zooplankton growth cycle was noticeably less (3.0%) than the phytoplankton abundance almost throughout the study period. Quantity of plankton registered to increase chronologically from the upper to lower stretches of the river. During summer investigation the load of phytoplankton was recorded maximum (11,300-51,850 No/I). Ratio-wise quantitative difference between zoo- and phytoplankton in composition of the total standing crop fluctuated between 1.0 : 5.5 and 1 : 1037. Among the phytoplanktonic groups, Chlorophyceae was found to be dominating (95.0%) in all sampling stations. Protococcus, a single genus of Chlorophyceae played a unique role during summer, contributing the highest density of about 74.0%. The pattern of qualitative and quantitative difference of plankton standing crop in different sampling sites can be attributed to the existing physico-chemical characteristics, mainly water temperature, pH and hardness.

Keywords: Plankton productivity, Physico-chemical parameters, Meghna river

Location: Mohonpur (Station-I), Kaligonj (Station-II) , Charludua (Station-III) and Daulatkhan (Station-IV) in the Meghna river

Start Date: 00-07-2002

End Date: 00-06-2003

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Plankton

Objectives:

To put forth an interrelationship between the selected abiotic and plankton productivity in the Meghna river ecosystem.

Methodology:

This study was carried out in four selected stations viz., Mohonpur (Station-I), Kaligonj (Station-II) , Charludua (Station-III) and Daulatkhan (Station-IV) in the Meghna river system between the latitude 22°35.494N N - 23°23.987 N and longitude 90°35.793 E-90°49.061 E. Samplings were done in two prominent seasons of Bangladesh, the winter and summer during July'02 to June'03. Some parameters were analysed in the field and other were analysed in the laboratory. Mean value for each parameter for this study was calculated from the four different stations. Replicate plankton samples, each of 50 L, were collected from various spots around each station by means of a bucket and filtered through bolting silk plankton net of 50 µ. The filtrate was transferred to other bottle and preserved immediately in 1: 100 Lugol's solution. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of both phyto- and zooplankton were done following drop count method. Collection of samples and necessary preservation for various physico-chemical parameters and their estimation were carried out following Standard Methods. Temperature (air and water), transparency, dissolved oxygen (DO), free carbon- dioxide (CO₂), total hardness, total alkalinity, total dissolved solids (TDS) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were investigated following APHA. Ammonia and nitrite were estimated using HACH water test kit. Conductivity and pH meter were used to determine water pH and specific conductance respectively. Pearson's correlation coefficient was computed to determine the extent of relationships among the hydrobiological factors.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Fish. Res., 7(2), 2003: 131-140

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Among the phytoplanktonic groups, Chlorophyceae was found to be dominating (95.0%) in all sampling stations. Protococcus, a single genus of Chlorophyceae played a unique role during summer, contributing the highest density of about 74.0%. The pattern of qualitative and quantitative difference of plankton standing crop in different sampling sites can be attributed to the existing physico-chemical characteristics, mainly water temperature, pH and hardness.

Knowledge Management: Journal