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Sperm Biology of Artificially Induced Common Carp, Cyprinus Carpio (linnaeus, 1758)

M. Nahiduzzaman
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

M. A. R. Hossain
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

A. K. M. Azad Shah
Department of Fisheries Technology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University,Gazipur, Bangladesh

M. M. Hassan
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh

S. Akter
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Hatchery production of common carp seed has been practiced for several decades in Bangladesh but information on sperm biology of induced broods is limited. The study aimed to determine the sperm biology artificially induced broods to improve the current hatchery management. Sperm volume, motility, concentration and pH were 2.04±1.07 μl g^-1 of fish, 93±3 %, 1.77±0.49×1010 cells ml^-1 and 7.59±0.29, respectively. There has been a substantial variation (p<0.05) in volume (μl g^_-1 of fish), concentration (×1010 cells ml-1) and motility (%) among the fortnightly collected sperm samples. The motility (%) of the fresh sperm was similar in all the activation media tested, however, sperm were motile for longer duration in 0.3% than in 0.2% NaCl, tap water and distilled water. Sperm biology of the induced broods would be useful in breeding programs advancing the development of aquaculture of the species.

Keywords: Sperm biology, Breeding, Common carp, Aquaculture.

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU)

Start Date: 00-07-2010

End Date: 00-05-2011

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Carp fish

Objectives:

To evaluate the sperm biology of hormone administered common carp to improve current hatchery management practice in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Rearing of broods: Broods were reared in brood-rearing earthen ponds (800 m²) of Fisheries Field Laboratory Complex, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) from July 2010-May 2011. Water quality parameters including temperature (25.07±5.12 ºC), pH (7.69±0.32), dissolved oxygen (5.63±0.42 mg l^-1) and total alkalinity (86.34±21.57 mg l^-1) of the ponds were recorded during the breeding season. The brood fish were fed with a commercial diet (35% protein; Paragon Feeds Limited, Bangladesh) twice daily at 4–5% of their body weight in the rearing period. Sperm collection and spermatological parameters: Ready to spawn broods were collected from the ponds and conditioned for 12 hours in the hatchery tanks of the Faculty of Fisheries, BAU. The fish were injected with carp pituitary supernatant at 2 mg kg-1 of body weight and released in the conditioning tank. After 6 h of hormone injection, the males were captured from the tank using a scoop net and were laid on foam to wipe the urogenital pore. Gentle pressure was applied through the abdomen to remove urine, water, gut exudates and mucus to avoid contamination. Sperm were collected in glass vials by abdominal pressure and the vials were immediately placed at 4 °C. Ejaculated sperm volume was determined by the measuring pipette and expressed as μl. Sperm pH was determined with a pH indicator strips (pH: 0–14; Merck, Germany) immediately after collection. Concentration was determined in triplicates using a haemocytometer and expressed as the number of sperm cells × 1010 ml^-1. Sperm were diluted 4,000-folds in distilled water, and a droplet of the diluted sperm was placed in a haemacytometer (area of the smallest square = 1/400 mm², depth 0.1 mm) for counting sperm. The number of spermatozoa in five large squares (area mm²) of the counting chamber was counted at 400 magnification. Activation medium and sperm motility: The motility of sperm samples was evaluated using a light microscope (Novex K-range, Holland) at 400 magnifications. Sperm motility was estimated by adding 19 Ml of distilled water (24 mOsmol kg^-1) as activating medium to 1 Ml of fresh sperm on a glass slide. The motility was observed within 3 to 4 s after activation and was expressed as the percentage of actively forward moving sperm out of the total. Sperm spinning or vibrating in place were not considered to be motile. Four solutions (0.2% NaCl, 0.3% NaCl, distilled water and tap water) with different osmolalities were tested for motility activation of the fresh sperm. Motility of sperm in each of the solutions was observed in triplicates to assess the motility (%), duration of motility, and to compare motility among solutions from a pool of five males. Statistical analysis: Motility percentage was subjected to arcsine transformation prior to statistical analysis. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was carried out to determine the variation of sperm volume, motility percentage, concentration and pH. Pearson correlation was used to relate sperm biology and body traits of the broods. The Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was used to compare means at 0.05 significant levels. All values were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD).

Source of Information: International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies 2014; 1(6): 27-31

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

With the current state of demand for common carp seed for aquaculture in Bangladesh and hatcheries need information on the sperm biology of artificially induced broods to improve the current practice. This paper represents baseline information on the biology of common carp sperm which would contribute to future research and artificial breeding programs of the species.

Knowledge Management: Journal