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Effects of Herd, Season and Days in Milk on Milk Urea Nitrogen of Crossbred Dairy Cows in Sylhet

Nusrat Zahan Shoshe
Department of Livestock Production and Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet

Md. Abdul Baset
Department of Livestock Production and Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet

Md. Tariqul Islam
Additional Director, Department of National Security Intelligence, Sylhet

Shiekh MA Matin
Veterinary Surgeon/Additional Veterinary Surgeon, Upazila Livestock Office, Ullapara, Sirajganj

Md. Abdullah-Al-Mahmud
Veterinary Surgeon/Additional Veterinary Surgeon, Upazila Livestock Office, Ullapara, Sirajganj

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study included 724 crossbred cows (Local × Holstein Friesian) from 9 dairy farms of Sylhet district from July 2013 to June 2014 to determine the effect of herd, season, and days in milk in milk urea nitrogen and the effect of milk production and composition on milk urea nitrogen. According to the season, milk samples were divided into two groups: wet season (June - October) and dry season (November - February). Days in milk (DIM) were grouped into two lactation stages: Lactation 1 (?100 days in milk) and Lactation 2 ( ?100 days in milk). Milk urea nitrogen was grouped into five categories by increments of 5 mg/dl, started with those less than 10 mg/dl and finishing with concentration greater than 25 mg/dl. The daily milk yield was 6.78 kg ranged from 2.00 to 18.00 kg. The mean of milk urea nitrogen (MUN) concentration was 14.58 mg/dl. Mean values for milk fat and protein contents were 3.74 % and 3.72 %. Among the 9 herds, the highest content of milk urea (MU) was 16.37 mg/dl which was found in herd 2 and the second highest estimation of MU content were in herd 1, 3, 6 and 9 (15.58, 15.51, 15.12 and 14.45 mg/dl, respectively). In the district of Sylhet, the lowest MU content was estimated in herd 4, 5, 7 and 8 (13.59, 13.48, 13.16 and 13.60 mg/dl, respectively). Difference of MUN concentration was not significant between the dry and wet season. The MUN concentrations were 14.82 mg/dl and 14.90 mg/dl in dry and wet season respectively. The concentration of MUN in Lactation 1 was 13.61 mg/dl and in Lactation 2 was 16.26 mg/dl. Milk fat (%) were 3.56, 3.77, 3.64, 4.15 and 3.66 when MUN concentration were ≤10.00, 10.01-15.00, 15.01-20.00, 20.01-25.00 and ≥24.01 mg/dl respectively. Daily milk yield did not increase with the increase of MUN concentration. Milk yield were 6.37, 7.21, 6.23, 7.31 and 7.00 Kg/d while MUN concentration were ≤10.00, 10.01-15.00, 15.01-20.00, 20.01-25.00 and ≥25.01 mg/dl. It may be concluded that herd category and lactation stage influence the milk urea nitrogen concentration of crossbred dairy cows in the Sylhet district.

Keywords: Milk urea, Nitrogen, Herd, Season, Crossbred dairy, Cow

Location: Sylhet district

Start Date: 00-07-2013

End Date: 00-06-2014

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Cow

Objectives:

(i) To determine the effect of herd, season, and days in milk on milk urea nitrogen and

(ii) To determine the effect of milk production and composition on milk urea nitrogen.

Methodology:

The study included 724 crossbred cows (Local × Holste in Friesian) from 9 dairy farms of Sylhet district from July 2013 to June 2014. According to the season, milk samples were divided into two groups: wet season (June - October) and dry season (November - February). Days in milk (DIM) were grouped into two lactation stages: Lactation 1 (? 100 days in milk) and Lactation 2 ( ? 100 days in milk). Milk urea nitrogen was grouped into five categories by increments of 5 mg/dl, star ted with those less than 10 mg/dl and finishing with concentration greater than 25 mg/dl. All cows were milked twice daily, housed in free stalls and fed a total mixed ration (TMR) twice a day; no distinction was made for management style and feeding scheme. Test day observations were combined into a data set that included herd code, date of test, milk yield, milk fat content, milk protein content, MU concentration, breeding date and days in milk (DIM). The daily milk yield of individual cow was recorded and milk samples were collected monthly. Samples were preserved at -20°C and carried out in the laboratory of the department of Livestock Production and Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet and analyzed for fat, protein, lactose, SNF (Solid not fat) minerals using a Milk Analyzer for milk urea nitrogen. Statistical data analysis was carried out using SAS program. Descriptive statistics for milk yield, fat and protein content and milk urea nitrogen (MUN) were calculated. The relation between MUN concentration, herd, season, and lactation stage were analyzed using the PROC GLM of SAS. Statistical significance among treatment means was determined by Duncan’s multiple range tests.

Source of Information: Res. Agric. Livest. Fish. Vol. 2, No. 2, August 2015: 287-292, ISSN : P-2409-0603

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The research work was conducted to investigate the effects of herd, season and days in milk in milk urea nitrogen of crossbred dairy cows in Sylhet. The mean of milk urea nitrogen concentration of crossbred dairy cows in Sylhet was 14.58 mg/dl. Mean values for milk fat and protein contents were 3.74 % and 3.72 %. Difference of MUN concentration was not significant between the dry and wet season. In the district of Sylhet, MUN concentration was varied from herd to herd which may be due to variation on feeding and nutritional status especially protein rich feeds, herd size, milk yield, composition of milk, stage of lactation, genotype and overall management system of dairy cow. So, feeding, breeding, sanitation and management system is very important for dairy cattle.

Knowledge Management: Journal