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Reproductive Performance of Black Bengal Goat Under Semi-intensive and Extensive Condition in Rajshahi District of Bangladesh

Md. Jahid Hasan
Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Jalal Uddin Ahmed
Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Md. Mahmudul Alam
Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Mohammad Liaquat Osman Mojumder
Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Md. Showkat Ali
Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present study was carried out to investigate the status of different reproductive parameters of Black Bengal in a rural area of Mukterpur under Charghat Upazilla of Rajshahi district during the period of July to Decem ber/2012. A total of 200 Black Bengal goats under both semi-intensive (n=100) and extensive condition (n=100) were selected on the basis of age, weight, body shape and conformation. The average age at puberty was 197.82±12.58 days and age at first concepti on was 292.96±0.50 days under semi-intensive condition whereas 208.82±12.60 days and 287.65±0.52 days under extensive condition . Age at first kidding was 448.26±25.48 days under semi-intensive condition whereas under extensive condition it was 450.07±22.43 days. Average litter size in the first, second and third parity was 1.06, 1.76 and 1.96, respectively under semi-intensive condition whereas under extensive condition , these were 1.01, 1.76 and 1.96, respectively. The average kidding interval of goats under semi-intensive and extensive conditions were 190.2±20 and 178.23±.50 days, respectively and the difference between these two was statistically significant (p<0.01). Sex ratio of male and female kids born was found to be 56 : 44, 44 : 56 and 55 : 45 in t he first, second and third parity, respectively under semi - intensive condition whereas, it was 55 : 45, 48 : 52 and 54 : 56 in the first, second and third parity, respectively under extensive condition . The usual numbers of kids at one time in Black Bengal goats varied from single to quadruplet. Average post partum weight of does was higher under semi - intensive condition than extensive condition which was statistically significant (p<0.05). Age of kid mortality was more in first parity under one month of age but gradually decreased with the age of kids under both semi-intensive condition and extensive condition. The average birth weight of kids was 1.28 ± 0.11 kg and 1.25 ± 0.10 kg under semi-intensive and extensive condition respectively which was statistically significant (p <0.01). Average birth weight of male was higher than female under both conditions. Kid mortality increased from 2 to 21% with the increase of parity. Birth weight of kids was higher in July-October and kid mortality was higher in winter season. The age at puberty was found earlier in summer season than others seasons under both semi-intensive and extensive conditions. Reproductive performances of Black Bengal goat were better in third parity than that of the first and second parity under both conditions.

Keywords: Goat; Reproductive Performance; Semi-intensive Condition; Extensive Condition

Location: The ex periment was conducted in farmers’ house at the village Mukterpur in Charghat upazilla under Rajshahi district.

Start Date: 00-07-2012

End Date: 00-11-2012

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Goat

Objectives:

To investigate the reproductive performances of Black Bengal goat under semi-intensive and extensive conditions in Rajshahi district.

Methodology:

A total of 100 Black Bengal goats under semi-intensive condition from 22 farmers’ house and 100 Black Bengal goats under extensive condition from another farmer’s were selected on the basis of age, weight, body shape and conformation. Forty of them were pre - pubertal stage with age and weight around 10 months and 12 kg respectively and rest 60 were in first and second parity with around 16 months and 22 months old respectively under semi - intensive condition. The does were allowed to graze from 9:00 am to 4:00 pm. Jackfruit tree leaves were provided in the farm yard. Under extensive condition, goats allowed to free grazing from 9:00 am to 5:00 pm. All the does were maintained with same feeds and feeding. Common grasses were feeding under both semi - intensive and extensive conditions. Rearing of goats under semi - intensive condition is widely practiced by small and marginal poor farmers. During the dry season, when grasses and plants disappear and water becomes scarce, many herdsmen join together and migrate to another area in search of pasture and water. The goats were reared by women and children under semi - intensive condition. In majority of cases the flock size ranges from 1 to 4. The animals were mostly housed along with residential housing; houses are mostly kachha type with straw roof. Floor space was about 1.85 sq. m /doe and 2.3 sq. m /kid. Almost all the farmers used to graze their goats for feeding. Most of times the goats were unsuited. The house was well ventilated and kids were housed along with their mother in the platform up to weaning. Under extensive condition the goats were reared mostly by women. Cleaning and hygienic management was maintained regularly. The floor, stall, water trough, and feeder were cleaned every day. The feces were removed carefully. All the does were dewormed using Fenbendazol at 1tab/50kg orally) prior to the commencement of the experiment which was prescribed by the veterinarian. Dams were vaccinat ed against PPR (Peste des petits Ruminants) using live attenuated vaccine (Livestock Research Institute (LRI), Bangladesh). In order to make the data collection program successful, the investigator personally visited door t o door to the selected villages of the study area. Direct interview method was used for collection of information. Information given by owners of goats was recorded on questionnaire (questionnaire not shown) for analysis. Puberty is generally defined as the point of sexual development at which the animal becomes capable of reproduction (first ovulation in the female and first spermatozoa in the ejaculate of the male), but animals are not yet fully sexually mature at this stage. The age at puberty was estimated as the age in days when does exhibited the sign of first estrus, by observing wagging tail, swelling and water discharge from the vulva, jumping tendency to others and barking. The body weight was measured in kg of the female were recorded properly. The collected data were an alyzed into Microsoft Excel and Microsoft word for descriptive statistics. The values age at puberty, age at first conception, age at first kidding, birth weight of kids, litter size, kidding interval, birth type at first and second parity, Sex ratios of kids , post partum weight of does, mortality rate of kids, age of death of kids, effect of season on different reproductive parameters were analyzed using descriptive statistics like mean, percentage, ratios and ranking.

Source of Information: Asian J. M ed. Biol. Res. 2015, 1(1), 22-30, ISSN 2411-4472.

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.ebupress.com/journal/ajmbr/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2015/07/4_Jahid-Hasan_Reproductive-performance_Black-Bengal-Goat.pdf

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From this study it can be concluded that rearing extensively with improved feeding and better management practices may help in higher reproductive and productive performances of Black Bengal goats that would be profitable for goat rearing at rural areas in Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal