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Isolation and Characterization of Internal Parasites in Snakehead

Shanchita Zaman Chowdhury
Department of Fisheries and Marine Bioscience, Jessore University of Science and Technology, Jessore-7408, Bangladesh.

Md. Mer Mosharraf Hossain
Department of Fisheries and Marine Bioscience, Jessore University of Science and Technology, Jessore-7408, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study deals with the isolation and characterization of parasitic infection in Channa punctata collected from different water bodies in Jessore, Bangladesh. Skins, gills, intestine, kidney, liver were observed for finding parasites. In total thirty parasites were identified under five species from fifty experimental fish. Different types of parasites such as cestodes, platyhelminth, nematode, acanthocephalan and liver fluke were found from experimental fish. The high incidence of parasite infection in Channa punctatus was found in the river, lake or beel area compares with the farmed fish.

Keywords: Isolation, Characterization, Internal Parasites, Channa Punctata

Location: Jessore, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-08-2013

End Date: 00-01-2014

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Aquatic animal

Objectives:

1. To find out the prevalence and intensity of infestation to Channa punctatus with different habitat of varying water quality in Jessore.

Methodology:

Experimental Fish & Sites: A total of fifty individuals of Channa punctatus (average weight 45±10 gm) were collected randomly from different villages around Jessore city during the period of August, 2013 to January, 2014. Collected fish samples were brought into the fisheries laboratory of Jessore University of Science & technology, Jessore and kept them in well washed aquarium with chlorine with adequate amount of water, good aeration system and room temperature (25-30 ^oC). Experimental Procedure: Fish samples were taken in live condition, weighted, took the total length by scale and killed by hand and examined immediately for parasitological study using photographic microscope. A clean spatula was held to the body of each individual and it was drawn backwards towards the tail in a smooth movement and lifting off a small amount of mucous from the different sites of the body for investigating parasites from skin. Later on, for each sites, mucous scrapings placed on a clean glass slides and examined under the 4x, 10x and 40x lenses of the photographic microscope for observing the presence of parasites. In gill biopsy, a fine pair of scissors was used to cut open the operculum from both sides to reveal the operculum cavity. Internal Observation: Gill filaments were taken out by cutting off the two ends of the gill arches, and kept on petridishes. Furthermore, small sample of gills was made by splitting up gill filaments using fine scissors and observed under microscope. Each fish was dissected with a fine scissors used to make an incision along the mid-ventral line of the body to find out the parasites from the internal organs. All internal organs like liver, kidney, stomach, spleen, gastrointestinal track and anal cavity were investigated through a microscope and separated by needle and forceps. The intestines were carefully opened out by an incision from the body and put into a petridish. Sometimes larger nematodes (roundworms) were visible in naked-eyes lying in the body cavity with their heads buried in the intestines and were quickly isolated using forceps, fixed on glass slide with glycerin. All the organs are kept on petridishes and viewed under several microscopic lenses. All the isolated parasites were fixed in glass slides with glycerin. Some parasites are virtually transparent, smaller in size. In that case, we had to scan slowly by adjusting the microscope condenser power higher to lower. Microscopic picture of all the isolated parasites were taken by camera of the microscope as well as high megapixel camera and the pictures were taken in different view. Parasitic Preservation: Isolated parasites were then preserved in a glass container. Parasites were preserved with 35% formalin solution and 10% glycerine that kept in glass containers in vitro analysis.

Source of Information: International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies 2015; 2(4): 17-22

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Channa punctatus are mostly infected by nematodes and cestodes parasites. Nematodes and acanthocephalans are intestinal parasites. Acanthocephalans parasitic infestation was poor in Channa punctatus. Liver fluke is assumed to be a new parasite for Channa punctatus which requires a detailed micro and macro environmental description. These parasitic groups are not listed in any parasitic study of Channa punctatus before. Both prevalence and intensity are higher in the rainy season (April-August) and in larger fish. The parasitic burden is more evident in gravid females. As most of the helminth parasites are found in the digestive tract and it is occurred because of variety of diet. Before having any minimal loss proper protection need to enhance by regular monitoring of water quality, feeding habit and physio-environmental condition.

Knowledge Management: Journal