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Comparative Efficiency of Some Commercial Antibiotics Against Pseudomonas Infection in Fish

Md. Ibrahim Kholil
Department of Fisheries and Marine Bioscience, Jessore University of Science and Technology Jessore- 7408,Bangladesh.

Mitheela Kabir
Department of Fisheries and Marine Bioscience, Jessore University of Science and Technology Jessore- 7408,Bangladesh.

Md. Sherajul Islam
Department of Fisheries and Marine Bioscience, Jessore University of Science and Technology Jessore- 7408,Bangladesh.

Md. Sharif Neowajh
Department of Fisheries and Marine Bioscience, Jessore University of Science and Technology Jessore- 7408,Bangladesh.

Md. Mer Mosharraf Hossain
Department of Fisheries and Marine Bioscience, Jessore University of Science and Technology Jessore- 7408,Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Pseudomonas sp is a gram-negative, rod shape bacterium belonging to the family Pseudomonadaceae. The species is highly adaptable opportunistic pathogen, capable of surviving in a variety of environment, including aquaculture environment. Antibiotics are used in the aquaculture environment, and their improper usage poses a risk of potential transfer of resistance from aquaculture bacteria to human and animal pathogens. This study was conducted to isolate Pseudomonas sp from infected fish and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern also investigated by using different antibiotics. All of the isolates tested were sensitive to applied antibiotics at different doses. In bactericidal activity, the oxytetracycline showed lowest number of colonies (1×10^-4 c.f.u./ml), tetracycline showed moderate number of colonies (2.5×10^-4 c.f.u./ml) and ciprofloxacin showed highest number of colonies (4.5×10^-4 c.f.u./ml). In antibiotic susceptibility testing the zone of inhibition was found for oxytetracycline was 24mm, tetracycline was 21 mm and ciprofloxacin was 18 mm. In agglutination titer, oxytetracycline showed better result than tetracycline and ciprofloxacin any kind of different doses. The highest Relative percent survival (RPS) value found for Oxytetracyline was 72.2%, RPS value for tetracycline was 50% and lowest RPS value found for ciprofloxacin was 33.33%. Based on the results of this study, it can be said that oxytetracycline can be more effective antibiotics than tetracycline & ciprofloxacin for the treatment of Pseudomonas infection in fish.

Keywords: Pseudomonas, Efficiency, Antibiotics, Oxytetracycline

Location: Chancra, Jessore, Bnagladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Fish

Objectives:

1. To study and identify Pseudomonas from infected fish and 2. To evaluate the efficiency of some commercial antibiotics against Pseudomonas infection in fish.

Methodology:

Bacteriological examination: The infected fishes were taken out from the fish farm in chancra, Jessore. Then sterilized inoculating loop was rubbed on the infected region (blood, skin, liver, spleen and kidneys) of fishes. Inoculating loop was then streaked on nutrient agar and BHI agar mixed plate and incubated at 37 °C for 24 hours. After incubation, the isolated colony was enriched in nutrient broth at 37 °C for 24 hours. The etiological agent for the lesions were identified by microscopic examination, oxidize test and physiological observation. Preparation of antibiotics: Antibiotics were taken from pharmaceutical store for veterinary use. Then stored in the cool and dry place. In the experiment these antibiotics (oxytetracycline, tetracycline & ciprofloxacin) were crushed for obtaining powder form and mixed with PBS solution by magnetic stirrer for 15 minutes. To ensure actual dose different weight were taken by electric balance. Bactericidal activity: Antibiotic susceptibility tests were carried out against the isolated bacterial strains with three antibiotics by disc diffusion method. Antibiotics disc of Oxytetracycline (30 μg), tetracycline (30 μg) and ciprofloxacin (30 μg) were used for the study. NA and BHI agar were poured into the plates and allowed to solidify. The standard inoculum (10⁶ cfu/ml) was swabbed over the surface of the media using sterile cotton swab to ensure the confluent growth. Finally the inoculated plates were incubated at 37 ⁰C for 24 hours and. After days the bacteria were counted. Antimicrobial susceptibility test: The antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by the isolates of Pseudomonas sp from the infected region of fish using the disc diffusion method, the following antibiotic test discs (tetracycline 30 μg, oxytetracycline 30 μg, ciprofloxacin 30 μg) were used in the present study. The antibiotics discs were placed on Mueller Hinton agar plates previously seeded with 18 h broth culture of Pseudomonas sp. The plates were incubated at 37 ⁰C for 24 h, after which zones of inhibition were measured interpreted accordingly. magnetic stirrer for 15 minutes. To ensure actual dose different weight were taken by electric balance. Bactericidal activity: Antibiotic susceptibility tests were carried out against the isolated bacterial strains with three antibiotics by disc diffusion method. Antibiotics disc of Oxytetracycline (30 μg), tetracycline (30 μg) and ciprofloxacin (30 μg) were used for the study. NA and BHI agar were poured into the plates and allowed to solidify. The standard inoculum (10⁶cfu/ml) was swabbed over the surface of the media using sterile cotton swab to ensure the confluent growth. Finally the inoculated plates were incubated at 37⁰C for 24 hours and. After days the bacteria were counted. Antimicrobial susceptibility test: The antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by the isolates of Pseudomonas sp from the infected region of fish using the disc diffusion method. The following antibiotic test discs (tetracycline 30 μg, oxytetracycline 30 μg, ciprofloxacin 30 μg) were used in the present study. The antibiotics discs were placed on Mueller Hinton agar plates previously seeded with 18 h broth culture of Pseudomonas sp. The plates were incubated at 37⁰C for 24 h, after which zones of inhibition were measured interpretedaccordingly. Statistical analysis: To evaluate the significance of the differences in immune response and protection between vaccinated and unvaccinated fish two statistical analysis were performed. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the data and the efficiency of antibiotics in regarding dose and treatment of fish by MS Excels. Chi square (X2) test is used to compare RPS values. There was significant difference exist between treatment and control of fishes regarding cure of disease. Values were considered significantly different at P values <0.05.

Source of Information: International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies 2015; 2(3): 114-117

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

At the turn of the third millennium, Pseudomonas sp clearly represents one of the most challenging pathogenic bacteria. Different antibiotics are used to treatment Pseudomonas sp from fishes at different doses. Based on the results of this study, it could be concluded that Oxytetracycline is highly effective against Pseudomonas species, Ciprofloxacin is less effective against Pseudomonous sp. while tetracycline were shown moderate effective against Pseudomonous species.

Knowledge Management: Journal