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Competitive Antibacterial Activity of Two Indian Major Carps and Two Chinese Carps Fish Mucus Against Common Pathogenic Bacteria at Aquaculture Pond

Md. Manjurul Islam
Department of Fisheries & Marine Bioscience, Jessore University of Science & Technology (JUST), Jessore-7408, Bangladesh.

Mst. Aisha Khatun
Department of Fisheries & Marine Bioscience, Jessore University of Science & Technology (JUST), Jessore-7408, Bangladesh.

Shoumo Khondoker
Department of Fisheries & Marine Bioscience, Jessore University of Science & Technology (JUST), Jessore-7408, Bangladesh.

Md. Sherajul Islam
Department of Fisheries & Marine Bioscience, Jessore University of Science & Technology (JUST), Jessore-7408, Bangladesh.

Md. Mer Mosharraf Hossain
Department of Fisheries & Marine Bioscience, Jessore University of Science & Technology (JUST), Jessore-7408, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A search for antibacterial activity of carp fish mucus was performed for different protein concentrations, against four different bacterial strains Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas sorbia, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Vibrio anguillarum. Protein concentrations (3.40 mg/ml) in catla mucus samples were found higher than the protein concentrations (3.12 mg/ml) of rohu mucus samples when tested by Bicinchoninic assay (BCA). Antibacterial activity was detected in mucus samples of four carp fish species, against the four bacterial strains. The results of this study indicate that the mucus of carp fish contain one or several components (protein, beneficial bacteria and other chemical component) with antibacterial activity. These bioactive substances may play an important role in the ability of mucus to defend carp fish against pathogenic bacteria or microorganisms. However, more investigation is necessary to confirm the antibacterial activity in carp fish mucus at different protein concentration and to purify and characterize the active components.

Keywords: Antibacterial activity, Protein concentration, Fish pathogens, Mucus.

Location: Jessore, Bangladesh.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Carp fish

Objectives:

To study the antibacterial activity of two Indian major carps Labeo rohita, Catla catla and two Chinese carps Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Ctenopharyngodon idella against selected bacteria (Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas sorbia, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Vibrio anguillarum).

Methodology:

Collection of fish: The experimental fishes Labeo rohita, Catla catla, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Ctenopharyngodon idella irrespective of sex, healthy growing live fishes around 6 months old, weigh about 500 gms of each were purchased from nearby culture ponds located at Sadar, Jessore, Bangladesh. The purchased fish were acclimatized to laboratory conditions in well water and they were maintained for one week. During this period the fish were fed with conventional commercial feed once a day. Every day 50% of the water was changed. After one week of acclimatization the fish were used for mucus collection. Only healthy fish were chosen for mucus collection. Dead fish or fish with skin lesions were removed from the tank.Collection and preparation of skin mucus extract: Mucus was carefully scraped from the dorsal body using a sterile spatula. Mucus was not collected in the ventral side to avoid intestinal and sperm contamination. Before collection of mucus sample any anesthetic chemicals were not applied. The collected fish mucus samples were stored at 4 ⁰C for further use. The mucus samples were collected aseptically from the fish and thoroughly mixed with equal quantity sterilized physiological saline (0.85% NaCl) and centrifuged at 5000 rpm for 15 minute. The supernatant was kept at 4⁰C for the antimicrobial studies. Protein measurement by BCA kit: Protein concentrations of fish mucus were determined by BCA protein assay kit. This very assay is a detergent-compatible formulation based on Bicinchoninic acid for the colorimetric detection and quantization of total protein. Inoculation of bacterial strains Antibacterial activity of freshwater cultivable fish L. rohita, C. catla, H. molitrix and C. idella mucus was determined against four pathogenic bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas sorbia, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Vibrio anguillarum. These pathogenic strains were obtained from the Microbiological Laboratory of University of Dhaka, Bangladesh. In vitro antibacterial assay was carried out by disc diffusion technique. Whatman No.1 filter paper discs with 4 mm diameter were impregnated with known amount (10 μl) of test sample of fish mucus and a standard antibiotic disc. At room temperature (32 ⁰C) the bacterial plates were incubated for 24 h. The results were recorded by measuring the zones for growth inhibition surrounding the disc. Clear inhibition zones around the disc were expressed in terms of diameter of zone of inhibition and were calculated in mm by means of cm scale, recorded and the average were tabulated. Determination of antimicrobial assay: The spectrum of antimicrobial activity was studied using the mentioned four different strains of pathogenic bacteria. One antibiotic agent Erythromycin was used for pathogenic bacteria.

Source of Information: International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies 2014; 2(2): 158-162

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results suggest that fish mucus have bactericidal properties and thus play important role in the protection of fish against the invasion of pathogens. Thus this work has been an

excellent evidence to prove the medicinal value of the mucus collected from selected Indian major carps and Chinese carps. Further study will surely open new window of disease protection for promoting sustainable aquaculture.

Knowledge Management: Journal