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Effects of Endoparasitism of Heteropneustes Fossilis on Condition Factor, Gonad and Blood Composition of Host

Sarker M. Ibrahim Khalil
Department of Fish Health Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100 Bangladesh

David Rintu Das
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Freshwater Sub Station, Saidpur, Nilphamari, Bangladesh

Kirtunia Juran Chandra
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University,Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Effects of endoparasitism of Heteropneustes fossilis on condition factor, gonad and blood composition of the host was conducted during July 2012 to June 2013. Fish samples were collected from various water bodies of Sylhet region. Total length, body weight, gonad weight and sex of hosts were recorded. Blood sample was collected from each fish. Six different species of parasites were identified from the hosts assessed as i). Euclinostomum multicaecum, ii) Allocreadium handiai, iii). Lytocestus indicus, iv). Pseudocaryophyllaeus heteropneustus, v). Procamallanus heteropneustus and vi). Paracamallanus equispiculus. Gonad weight, condition factors and blood parameters of H. fossilis were greatly affected with moderate infestations. The highest condition factor, 0.59, was found in uninfested fish and lowest, 0.45, in infested fish. Changes in the percent of haemoglobin and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was also investigated. Percent loss of haemoglobin was 0.43 and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was 5.19 mm/h. In general the health condition parameter due to effects of endoparasitism of the investigated fish was found negative impact for the culture production of the Singhi (Heteropneustes fossilis).

Keywords: Endoparasitism, Heteropneutes fossilis, Gonad, Condition factor, Blood parameter

Location: Disease Laboratory, Department of Fish Health Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet.

Start Date: 00-07-2012

End Date: 00-06-2013

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Cat fish

Objectives:

1. To know the effects on condition factor, gonad weight and blood parameters of H. fossilis due to parasitic infestations.

Methodology:

A total of 210 Shingi, H. fossilis were collected during the period from July, 2012 to June, 2013. Live and fresh fishes were collected from Bandar market supplied from different haor named as Hakaluki haor, Tanguar haors etc. in Sylhet district. After collection, they were brought to the Disease Laboratory, Department of Fish Health Management, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet by polythene bags or bucket with water in live condition for investigation. Before investigation the source, total length (TL), sex and weight of the fish were recorded in a data book. The host fish were also divided into 3 length groups (12-16, 17-21 and 22-25 cm). A slit was made on ventral side near the genital pore on anal region and was opened towards the head up to the opercular region. After careful opening the stomach and the intestine were removed and put in a petridish containing water for parasitic investigation. After collection, the parasites were kept in normal saline for relaxation, flattened and fixed in F.A.A (Formaldehyde, Acetic acids, Alcohol). Some of the parasites were prepared for permanent slides. For collecting blood, fish were caught gently in a small scoop net and transferred into a bowl containing the same water where they were acclimatized. After anesthetizing the fish with 5 ppm quinaldine (Sigma chemical Co. USA), blood samples were collected from the caudal vein with a sterile disposable plastic syringe coated with 3.6% sodium citrate as an anticoagulant. To avoid contamination with mucus and water the area of insertion of syringe was wiped with alcohol cotton. Collected blood was gently pushed into a sterilized small glass vial containing anticoagulant, (potassium salt of ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid, EDTA) to give a final concentration of 5 mg EDTA per cm³ blood. This blood samples were used for determining the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and haemoglobin concentration (Hb g %). Data analysis: Gonad weight and Condition factor: The total length (cm) of each fish was taken from the tip of the lower jaw to the end of the lower lobe of the caudal fin. The body weight (g.) of each host were measured by electric balance. Condition factor was employed to evaluate the effect of parasite on the host. Condition factor was calculated. Haemoglobin Concentration: Haemoglobin concentration was measured. Sahli haemoglobinometer (Resistance LW, Germany) was used for determining the haemoglobin concentration. Prepared O.1N hydrochloric acid (HCI) was placed up to the 20-marked graduation into the perfectly cleaned and dried haemoglobinometer tube. Blood sample was drawn into the Sahli pipette exactly up to 20 cm mark, side of the pipette was wiped with absorbent cotton and blood of the pipette was transferred immediately into specialized graduated tube for haemoglobin estimation containing 0.1N HCL At that time pipette was rinsed 2 or 3 times by sticking water and the washings were added to the solution in the same tube. The tube was shaked until the blood was well mixed with the hydrochloric acid and water and the mixture became uniformly dark brown in colour. After about 5 min. water was added into the brown colour solution drop by drop with a dropper and each time the solution was mixed with a stirrer until the color of the solution matches the standard color of haemoglobinometer. After matching the result was taken in day light from the scale of the measuring tube by observing the graduation mark at the lower edge of the meniscus at the top of the liquid column and expressed in g (%). Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate: Collected blood with anticoagulant was inserted into dry wintrobe haematocrit tube by pasteur pipette exactly up to 0 or 100 mark. Care was taken not to allow any bubble in the tube. The tube was placed in a special rack in vertical position for 1h, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was calculated by measuring the distance the erythrocyte had sedimented from the scale at the top of the tube and the result was expressed in mm/h.

Source of Information: Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.Vol. 1, No. 1, December 2014: 159-167

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Gonad weight, condition factors and blood parameters of H. fossilis were greatly affected with moderate infestations. The highest condition factor, 0.59, was found in uninfested fish and lowest, 0.45, in infested fish. Changes in the percent of haemoglobin and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was also investigated. Percent loss of haemoglobin was 0.43 and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was 5.19 mm/h. In general the health condition parameter due to effects of endoparasitism of the investigated fish was found negative impact for the culture production of the Singhi (Heteropneustes fossilis).

Knowledge Management: Journal