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Food and Feeding Habit of Chapila ( Gudusia Chapra)

M.F.K. Mahmud
Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

M. Mizanur Rahman
Department of Aquaculture, BAU, Mymensingh

M. Al-Imran
Department of Agricultural Economics, BAU, Mymensingh

Shahroz Mahean Haque
Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Abundance of diatom (Bacllariophyceae) in the plankton population and the dietary role of it in chapila (Gudusia chapra) in pond were studied. A total of 25 genera of phytoplankton belonging to Bacillariophyceae (7), Chlorophyceae (11), Cyanophyceae (5) and Euglenophyceae (2) and 9 genera of zooplankton belonging to Crustacea (3) and Rotifera (6) were recorded from the water. Among the phytoplankton, highest abundance of Chlorophyceae was observed, and Bacillariophyceae, Cyanophyceae and Euglenophyceae ranked the second, third and fourth position in the planktonic population, respectively. Among the zooplankton, Rotifera was recorded as the most dominant group and Crustacea as the least one. From the gut content analysis, 4 groups of phytoplankton consisting of 33 genera of plankton were identified and recorded of which 25 belonging to phytoplankton and 8 belonging to zooplankton. This study reveals that the Chlorophyceae and Cyanophyceae were the most dominant food items of chapila. Bacillariophyceae (diatom) and Euglenophyceae were less important and Crustacea and Rotifera were the least important in the diet of Chapila. The present investigation showed that chapila appeared to be a plankton feeder with a preference for phytoplankton to zooplankton. Electivity analysis showed that the fish avoided zooplankton and strongly selected phytoplankton. In the gut contents of fish, Chlorophyceae was positively and Bacillariophyceae (diatom) was negatively selected throughout the experimental period, in the pond water.

Keywords: Food and feeding habit, Gudusia Chapra, Phytoplankton and Zooplankton

Location: Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Start Date: 00-01-2004

End Date: 00-06-2004

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Feed

Objectives:

1. To determine the pattern of food and feeding performance of chapila (Gudusia chapra) by calculating the electivity index in natural condition.

Methodology:

The present study was undertaken in large L-Shape pond in the Field Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. The study was conducted for the period of January- June 2004. Water quality determination: A large number of environmental parameters such as transparency (cm), water temperature (⁰C), pH, dissolved oxygen (mg/L), total alkalinity (mg/L), Nitrate-nitrogen (mg/L), phosphate-phosphorus (mg/L), and chlorophyll-a (mg/L) were measured monthly during the study period. Analyses were done in the Water Quality and Pond Dynamics Laboratory of the Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Plankton population in pond water: Collections, preservation and plankton enumeration: Plankton samples were collected from different place of the experimental ponds by passing 30 litre of water through fine mesh size plankton net and made sample 50 mL, stored in a white plastic bottle with crock until examine. Buffered formalin was added as a preservative. One ml of concentrated plankton sample was taken by a dropper and then put on the S-R (Sedgewick-Raffer) counting cell. The S-R counting cell was placed under a compound electrical microscope and the plankton was counted. AU the plankton present in 10 squares of the cell chosen randomly were counted and used for quantitative estimation. Collection of fish sample: Twenty fish samples of chapila were collected every month from different places of the experimental ponds. Fishes were collected randomly with the help of a small seine net throughout the experimental period. There are several methods used for the determination of food items taken by the fish, these are: i) Numerical method, ii) Weight method, iii) Volumetric method, iv) Points method, v) Percentage of frequency of occurrence method. Of the above methods, the points methods were used in this study because they were the best and most simple and easy method give better results.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Fish. Res., 9(2), 2005: 133-140

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Electivity analysis showed that the fish avoided zooplankton and strongly selected phytoplankton. In the gut contents of fish, Chlorophyceae was positively and Bacillariophyceae (diatom) was negatively selected throughout the experimental period, in the pond water.

Knowledge Management: Journal